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Respons Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Empat Kultivar Ubi Jalar (Ipomea batatas (L) Poir) Dataran Tinggi Papua Terhadap Pemangkasan Pucuk Wawo, Albert Husein; Lestari, Peni; Setyowati, Ninik
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 4, No 3 (2019): October 2019
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Bagi Suku Dani, yang mendiami Lembah Balim, Pegunungan Tengah Papua; ubi jalar adalah komoditas pokok dan zero waste. Bagian pucuk tanaman ini digunakan sebagai sayur, batang dan daun tua sebagai pakan, sedangkan umbi ubi jalar sebagai pangan utama. Sistem budidaya yang dilakukan wanita Suku Dani, yakni memangkas tajuk ubi jalar sebagai sumber pangan dan pakan menjadi latar belakang penelitian dengan tujuan mempelajari pengaruh pemangkasan tajuk terhadap produksi umbi ubi jalar. Data hasil penelitian ini dapat diaplikasikan untuk menentukan waktu pemangkasan pucuk yang tepat agar kebutuhan daun muda, batang dan daun tua, serta umbi ubi jalar dapat dipenuhi secara optimal. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Raya Biologi Wamena pada bulan Juni-Desember 2017. Plot percobaan disusun berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Perlakuan terdiri dari 2 faktor yaitu kultivar (Helaleke (H), Musan (M), Wenabuge (W) dan Tabugole (T)) dan pemangkasan (tanpa pangkas, 2 bulan, dan 4 bulan). Hasilnya menunjukkan untuk budidaya ubi jalar dataran tinggi, pemangkasan pucuk batang di umur 2 bulan mengurangi ukuran tajuk tanaman, tetapi tidak mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produksi umbi tanaman ubi jalar. Pemangkasan pucuk batang pada umur 4 bulan tidak direkomendasikan. Produksi berat umbi lebih dipengaruhi oleh varietas daripada perlakukan pemangkasan. Kultivar Musan direkomendasikan untuk dibudidayakan dengan tujuan dipanen pucuk dan umbinya. Kultivar Tabugole masih dapat dibudidaya untuk produksi pucuk dan umbi apabila panen pucuk dilakukan paling lambat umur 2 bulan, sedangkan Kultivar Helaleke dan Wenabuge sebaiknya tidak dipangkas.

SANDALWOOD AS A COMPONENT OF AGROFORESTRY: EXPLORATION OF PARASITISM AND COMPETITION WITH THE WANULCAS MODEL Noordwijk, Meine van; Wawo, Albert Husein; Lusiana, Betha; Roshetko, Jim
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 5 (2001)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v5i5.1462

Sandalwood is an important component of agroforestry systems in the drier Eastern parts of Indonesia, although its value to farmers is still limited by existing policies and regulation of marketing. As a relatively slow growing root parasite, sandalwood will interact with other components in a complex pattern of competition and host-parasite relationships, depending on root distribution and rooting depth of potential hosts. We describe a number of modifications to the generic tree-soil-crop simulation model WaNuLCAS, that allow exploration of the transition between parasitism and competition. The key variable in this transition is the effectiveness of formation of the parasitic link for all situations where roots of the host and parasite occur in the same volume of soil. At low values of this effectiveness competition dominates, at higher values sandalwood will weaken the host, until it effectively kills it, leading to an optimum response of sandalwood to the effectiveness parameter. Unresolved questions in the formulation of the model are the lifespan of parasitized roots and the question whether or not sandalwood will allocate energy resources for maintenance respiration of host roots after the formation of haustoria. The'desk study' reported here was intended to focus subsequent field studies on these unresolved issues.

STUDI PERBANYAKAN VEGETATIF TANAMAN TAKA (TACCA LEONTOPETALOIDES (L.) KUNTZE) DAN POLA PERTUMBUHANNYA Wawo, Albert Husein; Lestari, Peni
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i1.1857

Polynesian arrowroot (Tacca leontopetaloides), taka, is one of the tuberous plants that distributed near the sea shore to 220 m above sea level. Taka produces two kind of tubers, parent tuber and peripheral tuber. Local people in several locations used taka for forages, cakes, cosmetics and woven. This plant is a minor crop comodity in Indonesia, so it is not widely cultivated yet, and no informations about taka propagation method and its cultivation. Taka produces both tuber and seed for regeneration propose. Aim of this study was to investigate vegetative propagation of taka and its growth pattern. Results showed that propagation by parent tuber required 24 weeks after sowing to produce new peripheral tuber. Material propagation from new peripheral tuber will become new plant. This new plant will produce next generation tuber in 5 months later. Propagation by peripheral tuber (from field exploration) required 24 -28 weeks after sowing to produce next generation plant with leaves and flower stalk directly. Stolon and the next generation tuber were also produced. Taka tuber can be harvested when its leaf turned yellowish.

PREFERENSI PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT GEMBILI [DIOSCOREA ESCULENTA (LOUR.) BURKILL] ASAL BAHAN TANAM DAN TEKNIK PENANAMAN BERBEDA Utami, Ning Wikan; Lestari, Peni; Wawo, Albert Husein
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 18, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v18i2.3417

Lesser yam (Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burkill) tubers have two important roles in conventional cultivation, as the food as well as the propagation material. The stem cuttings technique is reported can not produce tubers, while micropropagation is less efficient due to the need of large capital, experts, and specific tools. The other hand, farmers are less interested in cultivating this commodity. It has been reported that mini tuber sett can be used for propagation, but it has not been able to explain the growth preferences in each part of the tuber and its effect on yield. The research aims to provide information about the growth preference of lesser yam seedlings from different planting materials and planting techniques and their effects on yields. The research was carried out in Research Center for Biology, LIPI, Cibinong. The experiment was arranged based on split plots with tubers (apical and basal parts) as the main plot and planting position (vertical and horizontal) as subplots. Each treatment was replicated 3 times, with 5 samples for each replication. The results revealed that the apical part produced better shoots and roots than the basal section. The apical dominance of the lesser yam tuber was very high. It is herefore buds that form in the apical tended to grow faster. This section also produced tuber with a better character. With this information, farmers recommended to use planting materials from the apical part of the tuber with horizontal planting position.

VARIASI KARAKTERISTIK PERTUMBUHAN TACCA LEONTOPETALOIDES (L) KUNTZE (TACCACEAE) DI PULAU JAWA DAN PULAU-PULAU KECIL SEKITARNYA Syarif, Fauzia; Lestari, Peni; Wawo, Albert Husein
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 13, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v13i2.690

An increasing of population, land conversion, and the behaviour changes in many crops due to global warming could produce a significant negative effect to food security in many countries, including Indonesia. In order to maintain the availability of food, we should find out alternative foods based on corp comodities that can adapt to future agricultural land conditions. One species to be promoted for that purpose is Tacca leontopetaloides (taka). This study was aimed to determine growth characteristics variations of taka in Java and its surrounding small islands through exploration and interview methods. Results indicated that there were two morphological variations of taka based on the canopy colour, namely green and purple. Taka found growing in coastal areas up to100 m above sea level. The light intensity and soil type greatly affected their growth. These plants lived either solitary or in a groups, grow well on sandy soil to clay, under the shade and open areas. Species around taka allegedly contributed in determining taka growth and production. Taka tuber can be an alternative carbohydrate source for supporting food self-sufficiency in coastal communities.

BUAH MERAH (PANDANUS CONOIDEUS LAMK) BIORESOURCES PEGUNUNGAN TENGAH PAPUA: KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN UPAYA KONSERVASINYA Wawo, Albert Husein; Lestari, Peni; Setyowati, Ninik
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 15, No 1 (2019): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v15i1.3770

ABSTRACT The red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lamk) is one of the local bioresources on the Central Highlands Region of Papua. Exploration to reveal the red fruit diversity in this region had been carried out in 2016 and 2017 which covers Kurima, Kurulu, Siepkosi, Wesaput and Kaninmbaga / Bokondini areas. The method used in exploration were interview the local residents, observations of plant morphology, soil, micro-climate, surrounding species, and collection of propagation material. The observed red fruit morphology includes; stem height and diameter, leaf length and width, and number of roots. Observation of fruit development was carried out at the Royal Biological Garden in Wamena (KRBW). The results of the exploration obtained 23 red fruit cultivars in the Central Highlands region of Papua. All cultivars grow in moist environments; the texture of the soil is clay mixed with sand and loam. The development of fruit from young fruit into ripe fruit takes 3-4 months which is divided into 3 stages. Ex-situ red fruit conservation efforts have been carried out at the Royal Biological Garden in Wamena (KRBW). Until now, 141 numbers of red fruits have been conserved in KRBW. The community has also cultivated a number of red fruit cultivars in their yard and garden such as Bergum, Maler, Wona and Wesi cultivars as in situ conservation. The four cultivars are very popular because the fruit is large and the oil content is more than other cultivars. Keywords: Diversity, Red Fruit, Conservation, Royal Biological Garden in Wamena, Central Highlands Region of Papua

BUAH MERAH (PANDANUS CONOIDEUS LAMK) BIORESOURCES PEGUNUNGAN TENGAH PAPUA: KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN UPAYA KONSERVASINYA Wawo, Albert Husein; Lestari, Peni; Setyowati, Ninik
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 15, No 1 (2019): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v15i1.3770

ABSTRACT The red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lamk) is one of the local bioresources on the Central Highlands Region of Papua. Exploration to reveal the red fruit diversity in this region had been carried out in 2016 and 2017 which covers Kurima, Kurulu, Siepkosi, Wesaput and Kaninmbaga / Bokondini areas. The method used in exploration were interview the local residents, observations of plant morphology, soil, micro-climate, surrounding species, and collection of propagation material. The observed red fruit morphology includes; stem height and diameter, leaf length and width, and number of roots. Observation of fruit development was carried out at the Royal Biological Garden in Wamena (KRBW). The results of the exploration obtained 23 red fruit cultivars in the Central Highlands region of Papua. All cultivars grow in moist environments; the texture of the soil is clay mixed with sand and loam. The development of fruit from young fruit into ripe fruit takes 3-4 months which is divided into 3 stages. Ex-situ red fruit conservation efforts have been carried out at the Royal Biological Garden in Wamena (KRBW). Until now, 141 numbers of red fruits have been conserved in KRBW. The community has also cultivated a number of red fruit cultivars in their yard and garden such as Bergum, Maler, Wona and Wesi cultivars as in situ conservation. The four cultivars are very popular because the fruit is large and the oil content is more than other cultivars. Keywords: Diversity, Red Fruit, Conservation, Royal Biological Garden in Wamena, Central Highlands Region of Papua

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