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All Journal AL-IKHSAN: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Studie
Mohammad Daoud Habibzai
Independent Researcher in Islamic Studies, Kabul, Afghanistan
Religion Humanities Social Sciences

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Mapping the Prophecy: A Geographical and Textual Identification of the "Khallah bayna al-Sham wa al-Iraq" Mohammad Daoud Habibzai
AL-IKHSAN: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Studies Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Development of Contemporary Islamic Studies
Publisher : Penerbit Hellow Pustaka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61166/ikhsan.v4i2.139

Abstract

This research analyzes the authentic Hadith on the Maseeh al-Dajjal emerging from a "Khallah bayna al-Sham wa al-Iraq." It argues this is not a vague path, as often assumed, but a specific region, long obscured by modern political geography. The objective is to prove, via textual and geographical-historical evidence, that the "Khallah" is Al-Jazīrah (Upper Mesopotamia) by linking it to prophecies of "Al-Mashriq" (the East) and the tribes of "Rabia and Mudar." The qualitative, interdisciplinary methodology synthesizes textual analysis (tahlil nassi) of Hadith collections with a historical-geographical review of classical geographers to establish the pre-modern, consensus boundaries of Al-Sham, Iraq, and Al-Jazīrah. Classical geographers demarcate Sham's border at the Euphrates and Iraq's at the Tigris, making the "gap" (Khallah/Mahallah) unequivocally Al-Jazīrah. This is corroborated by Hadiths linking "Al-Mashriq" and fitna to the tribes of "Rabia and Mudar," whose lands (Diyar) classical geographers identify as Al-Jazīrah. The Dajjal's trials (controlling rain and livestock) also specifically match this region's demographic (the Faddadin). Scholars of Islamic eschatology should prioritize classical geographical definitions over modern maps. This methodology resolves contradictions and provides a more precise eschatological framework.
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