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All Journal Cleanliness: Journal of Health Sciences and Medical Research
Abdul Hassib Azaraksh
Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Alberoni University
Dentistry Health Professions Nursing Public Health

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Spina Bifida and Neural Tube Defects J: Embryology, Genetics, Epidemiology, Management, and Therapeutic Advances Hasibullah Ayami; Aliseena Yussufpur; Abdul Hassib Azaraksh
Cleanliness: Journal of Health Sciences and Medical Research Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Penerbit Hellow Pustaka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61166/clean.v3i2.33

Abstract

Spina bifida, a neural tube defect arising from incomplete closure of the developing spinal column, is the most common congenital anomaly of the central nervous system and a leading cause of lifelong physical disability. Despite decades of investigation, its pathogenesis remains incompletely characterized; however, substantial progress has been made in defining its genetic determinants and the molecular pathways governing neural tube development and closure. Parallel advances in clinical management have transformed patient care, with treatment evolving from conventional postnatal surgical repair to fetoscopic and open intrauterine correction, now regarded as a standard-of-care option for eligible candidates. In this review, we synthesize current knowledge of the classification, embryology, genetics, and epidemiology of spina bifida; examine its pathophysiology and associated complications; and survey established and evolving treatment approaches. We conclude by highlighting the CuRe Trial, the first FDA-approved clinical trial of stem cell therapy administered at the time of intrauterine repair, whose recently published phase 1 results suggest a potential paradigm shift in the management of this condition.
Co-Authors Aliseena Yussufpur Hasibullah Ayami