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All Journal TOFEDU: The Future of Education Journal
Amelia Shanna Adrave Sihombing
Universitas Negeri Medan
Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Other

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Integrating Circular Carbon Economy into Waste Bank Supply Chains: An Analysis of Collaborative Networks and Net-Zero Strategies in Surabaya City Bonaraja Purba; Amelia Shanna Adrave Sihombing; Irmayani Pulungan; Nursaidah Fitriyani Sirait
The Future of Education Journal Vol 5 No 3 (2026)
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah Yayasan Pendidikan Tumpuan Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61445/08abyy10

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the integration of the circular carbon economy into waste bank supply chains and to formulate an Integrated Circular Carbon Economy (ICCE) framework for net-zero strategies in Surabaya City. A descriptive qualitative research method was employed, utilizing a literature-based approach focused on 15 key journals covering waste banks, the circular economy, the circular carbon economy, circular supply chains, and social network analysis; additional publicly available references were used to provide supporting information. Data were analyzed through cross-journal comparison, thematic grouping, and synthesis into an integrative framework. The results indicate that (1) the waste bank supply chain flow comprises households, waste banks, collectors, and the recycling industry; (2) the collaborative network structure among stakeholders remains fragmented and relies heavily on collectors and the Environmental Agency; (3) the most prominent "9R" practices are R3 (Reuse) and R8 (Recycle), whereas R0–R2 (Refuse, Rethink, Reduce) practices are minimal; and (4) the circular carbon economy concept encompasses elements such as emission reduction and carbon credits, yet major obstacles persist regarding Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) mechanisms and the institutional capacity of waste management entities. Managerial and policy implications are discussed to accelerate net-zero strategies within the waste management sector.
An Analysis of Nike Inc.’s Role as a Multinational Corporation in the Global Value Chain of the Footwear Industry, 2020–2024 Khairani Alawiyah Matondang; Grace Sari Adinda Pakpahan; Nursaidah Fitriyani Sirait; Amelia Shanna Adrave Sihombing
The Future of Education Journal Vol 5 No 3 (2026)
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah Yayasan Pendidikan Tumpuan Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61445/3vaxdc08

Abstract

This study analyzes the role of Nike Inc. as a multinational corporation in the Global Value Chain (GVC) of the footwear industry for 2020–2024. Nike applies an asset-light model without owning factories. Using descriptive qualitative methods with secondary data from Nike's annual reports (Form 10-K) and supporting GVC journals, the results show that in FY2024 Nike coordinated 96 footwear factories in 11 countries and 285 apparel factories in 33 countries, with Vietnam as the largest base (±50%), followed by Indonesia (27%) and China (18%). Nike's FY2024 revenue reached $51.36 billion with net income of $5.7 billion. Nike serves as a GVC coordinator integrating design, production, distribution, and global marketing.
Co-Authors Bonaraja Purba Grace Sari Adinda Pakpahan Irmayani Pulungan Khairani Alawiyah Matondang Nursaidah Fitriyani Sirait