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Enny Sudarmonowati
Research Center for Biotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

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Enhancement of Yield, Starch, and Amylose Content of Two Indonesian Cassava Genotypes by Producing Gamma Irradiated-Induced Mutants Enny Sudarmonowati; N. Sri Hartati; Supatmi Supatmi
Annales Bogorienses Vol. 24 No. 2 (2020): Annales Bogorienses
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/ann.bogor.2020.v24.n2.95-105

Abstract

As an important carbohydrate-source food crop and raw materials of starch-based industries, accelerated cassava breeding has been extensively pursued through various procedures, among others, is mutant induction using gamma irradiation combined with molecular marker. Iding, a local genotype cassava has been compared with a national variety Adira 4 for its yield attributes following gamma irradiation at various dose levels ( 2, 20, 30, and 50 krad). The mutation rate was conducted based on morphological characteristics and identification using RAPD by employing random primer OPB-10. Evaluation was conducted on mutant lines producing high potential yield, high starch and amylose contents. The fourth generation of irradiated Adira 4 (2 and 30 krad) and Iding (2 krad) exhibited higher yield and amylose content as compared to their representative controls. The yield of 30 krad irradiated Adira 4 indicated by mean tuber weight per individual could reach more than twice of that of control and almost 1.5 times of that irradiated with 2 krad. The levels of amylose content of all irradiated ones, regardless of genotypes and gamma irradiation doses (2 and 30 krad) were higher than that of control. In most parameters, irradiated Adira 4 was superior to irradiated Iding.
Improved Regeneration, Acclimatization and Shoot Cutting Production of “Gebang” Cassava Derived from Irradiated In Vitro Shoots Supatmi Supatmi; Enny Sudarmonowati
Annales Bogorienses Vol. 16 No. 2 (2012): Annales Bogorienses
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/ann.bogor.2012.v16.n2.7-12

Abstract

Gebang is an Indonesian local genotype which has been selected as superior genotype for low amylose cassava. Prior to induction of new mutants of this genotype, series of research have been conducted to improve regeneration and acclimatization as well as shoot cuttings production of irradiated in vitro shoots. Four dosage treatments of gamma ray irradiation i.e. 0; 0.2; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0 krad were applied to 32 in vitro shoots multiplied from apical shoots of plants in the field. The highest multiplication rate and acclimatized shoots were obtained from shoots irradiated with 0.2 krad multiplied on various level of BAP added on MS medium and resulted that MS supplemented with 1 mg/L BAP was the best medium. The phenotypic variation was observed in shoots irradiated with 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 krad while that irradiated with 0.2 krad performed normal appearances. Subsequent production of propagated young stem cuttings so called “ratooning system” decreased after the second cycle of propagation especially in the survival rate of that irradiated with 0.2 krad. The findings lead to the opportunity to produce cassava propagules derived from irradiated in vitro culture at a higher amount using Gebang genotype as a model.
Massive In Vitro Propagation of Sandalwood Through Friable Embryogenic Callus Supatmi Supatmi; Nurdiya Ardiyanti; Nurhamidar Rahman; Enny Sudarmonowati
Annales Bogorienses Vol. 20 No. 1 (2016): Annales Bogorienses
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/ann.bogor.2016.v20.n1.1-11

Abstract

Sandalwood (Santalum album), which belongs to Santalaceae family, is a commercially important tree in Indonesia due to its essential oil contents used for important essence of perfume in the perfumery industry. However, its population has significantly depleted since the planting materials of this tree using conventional methods are difficult to be provided. This study was conducted to mass propagate sandalwood using in vitro methods through friable embryogenic callus (FEC). The somatic embryos were formed using leaves in length of 1-3 and 4-7 mm cultured in MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l and 1 mg/l indole acetic acid (IAA), MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l IAA and 0.2 mg/l kinetin and half concentration of MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l Gibberellic acid (GA3). Primary somatic embryos (PSE) and secondary somatic embryos (SSE) then formed friable embryogenic callus when it repetitively transferred into MS medium supplemented with 1.7 mg/l BAP, 1 mg/l proline or 1.5 mg/l BAP and 1.2 mg/l kinetin every 3 weeks. The FEC shows its optimum maturation and regeneration in the MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l BAP and 1.2 mg/l kinetin for 4-8 weeks. The acclimatization of sandalwood plantlets were perfectly conducted in the medium containing soil, sand and compos in ratio of 1:1:1 with the companion plant namely Murraya paniculata, (L) Jack which gave the best percentage of survival rate and the lowest percentage of fallen leaves. These findings may improve the massive propagation of sandalwood through FEC as well as a useful material for further genetic improvement of sandalwood by using FEC as material for genetic transformation.
Co-Authors N. Sri Hartati Nurdiya Ardiyanti Nurhamidar Rahman Supatmi Supatmi