Tini Mogea
English Education Study Program, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Manado, Tondano 95618, Indonesia

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Improving Students’ Speaking Skills through Pictures at SMP Negeri 1 Kakas Prameswari George Rompas; Tini Mogea; Paula L. Hampp
Forum for Language and Education Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : CV Wahana Publikasi

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This study investigated the effectiveness of pictures as instructional media in improving the speaking skills of seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Kakas. The study employed a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design. The participants were 20 seventh-grade students selected through total sampling. Data were collected using speaking performance tests administered before and after the treatment. Students’ speaking performance was assessed in terms of fluency, vocabulary, pronunciation, and sentence structure using a scoring rubric. The treatment involved picture-based speaking activities in which students observed, described, and interpreted visual materials to generate ideas and produce spoken language. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a paired samples t-test with SPSS version 21. The findings showed a substantial improvement in students’ speaking performance. The mean score increased from 55.75 in the pretest to 83.25 in the posttest, representing a mean gain of 27.50 points. The standard deviation also decreased from 7.83 to 4.94, indicating more consistent performance after the treatment. The paired samples t-test produced a t-value of 17.626 with 19 degrees of freedom and a significance value of p < 0.001, confirming a statistically significant improvement. The findings suggest that pictures provided concrete visual contexts that helped students generate ideas, develop vocabulary, organize sentences, improve fluency and pronunciation, and participate more confidently in speaking activities. Therefore, pictures can serve as an accessible and effective medium for developing speaking skills among junior high school EFL learners in classroom contexts.
Implementation of Constructive Feedback in Developing Students’ Confidence in Speaking English: A Study at SMP Negeri 3 Tondano Aprilia Dwi Rahmayanti; Tini Mogea; Paula A. Rombepajung
Forum for Language and Education Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : CV Wahana Publikasi

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Abstract

Speaking confidence is a factor influencing students’ willingness to participate in classroom activities, yet many learners remain hesitant because of nervousness and fear of mistakes. This study aimed to investigate how constructive feedback contributed to the development of students’ confidence in speaking English at SMP Negeri 3 Tondano. A qualitative case study design was employed. Participants were six seventh-grade students and one English teacher. Data were collected through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and documentation, and analyzed through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicated that constructive feedback contributed positively to students’ confidence and participation in speaking activities. Observation results showed that all six students increased their confidence scores between the first and second meetings. Two students moved from the moderate-confidence category to the high-confidence category, while the other students also increased their scores. The teacher consistently implemented three constructive feedback components: feed up, which clarified speaking goals; feed back, which provided information about students’ current performance; and feed forward, which offered guidance for improvement. Findings from classroom observations showed that supportive feedback made students feel more motivated, comfortable, and supported, while reducing hesitation and fear of making mistakes. However, public correction could cause embarrassment for some students, indicating that feedback should be delivered sensitively and respectfully. Overall, constructive feedback functioned not only as a corrective strategy but also as an emotionally supportive practice that encouraged students to participate, take risks, and develop greater confidence in speaking English.