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Analisis Penambahan Biaya Transaksi QRIS Menurut Fikih dan Regulasi BI Fathiya Maisa Zahra; Asep Ramdan Hidayat; Ira Siti Rohmah Maulida
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 131-140
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.19349

Abstract. QRIS (Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard) is a non-cash payment system innovation initiated by Bank Indonesia to encourage financial efficiency and inclusion, especially for MSME actors. However, the practice of adding transaction fees by traders to consumers raises problems from the perspective of muamalah fiqh and Bank Indonesia regulations, especially Article 52 paragraph (1) of PBI No. 23/6/PBI/2021. This research uses a qualitative method with a normative, juridical, and empirical approach. Data was obtained through literature studies and interviews with business actors. The results of the study show that the additional QRIS fee violates the provisions of applicable regulations and is not in accordance with the principles of fiqh muamalah, such as transparency, willingness, and fairness in the contract. Additional costs without prior agreement can create an element of garar, as well as contrary to the rules of "la dharara wa la dhirar" and "al-ghunmu bil-ghurm". The sharia solution is price separation based on a payment method that is publicly communicated from the beginning of the transaction. This research emphasizes the need for stronger education and supervision in the implementation of the QRIS system to remain in line with sharia principles and applicable regulations. Abstrak. QRIS (Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard) merupakan inovasi sistem pembayaran non-tunai yang diinisiasi oleh Bank Indonesia untuk mendorong efisiensi dan inklusi keuangan, khususnya bagi pelaku UMKM. Namun, praktik penambahan biaya transaksi oleh pedagang kepada konsumen memunculkan persoalan dalam perspektif fikih muamalah dan peraturan Bank Indonesia, khususnya Pasal 52 ayat (1) PBI No. 23/6/PBI/2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan normatif, yuridis, dan empiris. Data diperoleh melalui studi pustaka dan wawancara dengan pelaku usaha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan biaya QRIS melanggar ketentuan peraturan yang berlaku dan tidak sesuai dengan prinsip fikih muamalah, seperti transparansi, kerelaan, dan keadilan dalam akad. Tambahan biaya tanpa kesepakatan sebelumnya dapat menimbulkan unsur garar, serta bertentangan dengan kaidah "la dharara wa la dhirar" dan "al-ghunmu bil-ghurm". Solusi syariahnya adalah pemisahan harga berdasarkan metode pembayaran yang disampaikan secara terbuka sejak awal transaksi. Penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya edukasi dan pengawasan yang lebih kuat dalam penerapan sistem QRIS agar tetap sejalan dengan prinsip syariah dan regulasi yang berlaku.

Tinjauan Fiqih Muamalah terhadap Praktik Pemberian Bonus dalam Jual Beli Cicilan Paket Lebaran di Kp. Paledang Ds. Bojongkunci Shafira Aulya Suwandi; Asep Ramdan Hidayat; Maman Surahman
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 325-332
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.20458

Abstract.The implementation of the Lebaran package in Paledang Village, Bojongkunci Village, the package provider does not only provide the goods agreed upon from the start, but adds cash as a bonus. The package provider only gave bonuses to some participants. The provision of this bonus creates an injustice that is debated among the participants. This research originated from the phenomenon that arose in the practice of Lebaran package installments in Paledang Village. It aims to examine how the mechanism of giving bonuses and implemented in the purchase transaction of package installments, the impact caused by the practice of giving bonuses. In addition, it analyzes the practice in accordance with the principles of fiqh muamalah.This research uses a qualitative research method with an empirical normative approach. The normative approach helps in preparing a strong theoretical foundation by analyzing data using the theory and principles of muamalah fiqh. The empirical approach is direct data collection through interviews. Based on the results of interviews with participants, it can be seen that the sense of injustice felt by participants is not only about the value of bonuses received, but also on the lack of clear information regarding the provision of bonuses like this. Although this bonus is categorized as a grant that is allowed in Islam, it should be implemented clearly. Therefore, it is important for the manager to provide clarity, transparency, and fairness in order to comply with Islamic law. Abstrak.Pelaksanaan paket lebaran di Kampung Paledang Desa Bojongkunci penyedia paket tidak hanya memberikan barang yang disepakati sejak awal, tetapi menambahkan uang tunai sebagai bonus. Penyedia paket hanya memberikan bonus kepada beberapa peserta saja. Pemberian bonus ini menimbulkan adanya ketidakadilan yang menjadi perdebatan di kalangan peserta. Penelitian ini berawal dari fenomena yang muncul dalam praktik cicilan paket lebaran di Kampung Paledang. Bertujuan untuk meneliti cara mekanisme pemberian bonus dan diimplementasikan dalam transaksi pembelian cicilan paket, dampak yang ditimbulkan dari praktik pemberian bonus. Selain itu, menganalisis praktik tersebut sesuai dengan prinsip fiqih muamalah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan normatif empiris. Pendekatan normatif membantu dalam menyusun landasan teori yang kuat dengan menganalisis data menggunakan teori dan prinsip fiqih muamalah. Pendekatan empiris merupakan pengambilan data secara langsung melalui wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan peserta, telihat bahwa rasa ketidakadilan yang dirasakan oleh peserta tidak hanya mengenai pada nilai bonus yang diterima, tetapi juga pada ketidakjelasan informasi terkait pemberian bonus seperti ini. Meskipun pemberian bonus ini dikategorikan sebagai hibah yang diperbolehkan dalam islam, namun sebaiknya dilaksanakan dengan jelas. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi pihak pengelola untuk memberikan kejelasan, transparansi, serta keadilan agarsesuai dengan syariat islam.

Analisis Akad Istishna terhadap Ketidakteraturan Pembayaran pada Praktik Jual Beli Pesanan dengan Skema Perjanjian Angsuran di Bengkel Las Moal Waka Arlin Qolbiniarti Nuraeni; Asep Ramdan Hidayat; Ira Siti Rohmah Maulida
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 383-390
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.20847

Abstract. The practice of selling and buying orders based on the Istishna' contract is increasingly being implemented in the micro-business sector, including at Moal Waka Welding Workshop in Purwakarta. This research aims to describe the buying and selling practices with an installment scheme at the workshop and to analyze their compatibility with the principles of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh muamalah). The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method. Data was obtained through interviews with workshop owners, consumers, and Islamic scholars, as well as through observation and documentation. The research results show that, in substance, the contract executed has met the pillars and conditions of Istishna', such as clarity of the object, price, and offer and acceptance. However, weaknesses were found in the administrative aspects, namely the absence of a written agreement, irregular installment schedules, and a lack of payment monitoring system. This condition has the potential to create ambiguity (gharar) that contradicts Islamic principles. This research emphasizes the importance of recording contracts in writing to prevent conflicts, ensure fairness, and maintain transparency in transactions. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for MSME actors in implementing the Istishna' contract in a more orderly and Sharia-compliant manner. Abstrak. Praktik jual beli pesanan berbasis akad Istishna’ semakin banyak diterapkan dalam sektor usaha mikro, termasuk di Bengkel Las Moal Waka, Purwakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan praktik jual beli dengan skema angsuran di bengkel tersebut serta menganalisis kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip fikih muamalah. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan pemilik bengkel, konsumen, dan ahli fikih, serta melalui observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara substansi, akad yang dijalankan telah memenuhi rukun dan syarat Istishna’, seperti kejelasan objek, harga, dan ijab qabul. Namun, kelemahan ditemukan pada aspek administratif, yaitu tidak adanya perjanjian tertulis, ketidakteraturan jadwal angsuran, dan kurangnya sistem pengawasan pembayaran. Kondisi ini berpotensi menimbulkan ketidakjelasan (gharar) yang bertentangan dengan prinsip syariah. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya pencatatan akad secara tertulis untuk mencegah konflik, menjaga keadilan, dan memastikan transparansi dalam transaksi. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi rujukan bagi pelaku UMKM dalam menerapkan akad Istishna’ yang lebih tertib dan sesuai syariah.

Analisis Pemberian Hasil Keuntungan Marhun oleh Pihak Rahin pada Objek Gadai Kebun di Desa Panyindangan: Perspektif Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Rachma Chika Fitria Anjani; Asep Ramdan Hidayat; Maman Surahman
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 431-438
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.21004

Abstract. The practice of pawning clove plantations in Panyinadangan Village, Cisompet District, Garut Regency, is still carried out traditionally without involving formal institutions. In practice, the rahin still gives the profits from the marhun to the murtahin even though the debt has been repaid. This raises problems in terms of sharia economic law. This study aims to determine the implementation of the clove plantation pawn and analyze its suitability with the provisions of the Sharia Economic Law Compilation (KHES). The research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data was obtained through interviews, documentation, and literature studies. The results of the study show that the practice of pawning clove plantations is carried out orally, indefinitely, and based on trust, by granting the right to use the garden to the apostate. In general, the contract has fulfilled the principles and requirements of the KHES, but there are irregularities, namely the murtahin still withholds the land certificate even though the debt has been paid off and receives the harvest that should be the right of the rahin. This is contrary to Article 380 and Article 386 paragraph (1) of the KHES. These findings show the importance of sharia law education in traditional pawn practices so as not to harm one party. Abstrak. Praktik gadai kebun cengkeh di Desa Panyindangan, Kecamatan Cisompet, Kabupaten Garut, masih dilakukan secara tradisional tanpa melibatkan lembaga formal. Dalam praktiknya, pihak rahin tetap memberikan hasil keuntungan dari marhun kepada murtahin meskipun utang telah dilunasi. Hal ini menimbulkan problematika dari sisi hukum ekonomi syariah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan gadai kebun cengkeh tersebut serta menganalisis kesesuaiannya dengan ketentuan Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah (KHES). Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik gadai kebun cengkeh dilakukan secara lisan, tanpa batas waktu, dan berdasarkan kepercayaan, dengan pemberian hak pemanfaatan kebun kepada murtahin. Secara umum, akad telah memenuhi rukun dan syarat KHES, namun terdapat penyimpangan, yakni murtahin tetap menahan sertifikat lahan meski utang telah lunas serta menerima hasil panen yang seharusnya menjadi hak rahin. Hal ini bertentangan dengan Pasal 380 dan Pasal 386 ayat (1) KHES. Temuan ini menunjukkan pentingnya edukasi hukum syariah dalam praktik gadai tradisional agar tidak merugikan salah satu pihak.

Kewenangan Pengadilan Agama dalam Penyelesaian Kepailitan Syariah Ilham Hibbaturrahman; Asep Ramdan Hidayat; Liza Dzulhijjah
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 9-16
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i1.22657

Abstract. This study examines the authority of the Religious Court in resolving Islamic bankruptcy disputes based on Law Number 3 of 2006 concerning the Religious Court. The background of this research stems from the overlapping jurisdiction between the Religious Court and the Commercial Court in handling bankruptcy cases involving Islamic financial institutions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the legal foundation, scope of authority, and obstacles faced by the Religious Court in implementing Islamic bankruptcy dispute resolution in Indonesia. The research uses a qualitative approach with a normative-empirical legal method. Data were collected through literature studies, statutory analysis, and interviews with judges and legal practitioners. The findings indicate that, juridically, the Religious Court holds absolute authority over Islamic economic disputes under Article 49 letter (i) of Law Number 3 of 2006, as reinforced by the Constitutional Court Decision Number 93/PUU-X/2012. However, in practice, this authority has not been effectively implemented due to the absence of specific procedural regulations for Islamic bankruptcy cases and the limited capacity of judges in the field of Islamic economic law. This study recommends the synchronization of Law Number 37 of 2004 on Bankruptcy with Law Number 3 of 2006, as well as capacity-building programs for Religious Court judges. Strengthening both the regulatory framework and the institutional competence of the Religious Court is essential to ensure that the settlement of Islamic bankruptcy disputes is carried out effectively and in accordance with the principles of Islamic law. Abstrak. Penelitian ini membahas kewenangan Pengadilan Agama dalam menyelesaikan sengketa kepailitan syariah berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2006 tentang Peradilan Agama. Latar belakang penelitian ini berangkat dari adanya tumpang tindih kewenangan antara Pengadilan Agama dan Pengadilan Niaga dalam menangani kasus kepailitan yang melibatkan lembaga keuangan berbasis syariah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dasar hukum, batas kewenangan, serta hambatan yang dihadapi Pengadilan Agama dalam implementasi penyelesaian perkara kepailitan syariah di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif-empiris. Data diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan, analisis peraturan perundang-undangan, serta wawancara dengan hakim dan praktisi hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara yuridis, Pengadilan Agama memiliki kewenangan absolut dalam menangani perkara ekonomi syariah berdasarkan Pasal 49 huruf (i) Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2006 dan diperkuat oleh Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 93/PUU-X/2012. Namun dalam praktiknya, kewenangan tersebut belum terlaksana secara optimal karena belum adanya regulasi teknis tentang kepailitan syariah dan keterbatasan kompetensi hakim dalam bidang ekonomi syariah. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya sinkronisasi antara Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2006, serta peningkatan kapasitas hakim Pengadilan Agama agar penyelesaian perkara kepailitan syariah dapat dilakukan secara efektif dan sesuai dengan prinsip hukum Islam.

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