<![CDATA[Background: Coastal infrastructure development has substantially reshaped the socioeconomic conditions of fishing communities in rapidly urbanizing coastal areas. In Cilincing, North Jakarta, seawall construction has altered coastal ecosystems, restricted access to fishing grounds, and increased economic pressure, compelling fishing households to adopt new livelihood strategies. Methods: This study investigates how seawall ecological impact, economic pressure, fishers ' adaptation strategies, and government support interact to influence fishers ' livelihood resilience within the “From Sea to Land” transition framework. A quantitative cross-sectional methodology was utilized, drawing on data gathered from small-scale fishers in Cilincing and examined through PLS-SEM with SmartPLS 4. Results: The findings show that Seawall Ecological Impact and Economic Pressure significantly and positively influence fishers ' adaptation strategies, while economic pressure also exerts a significant positive effect on fishers ' livelihood resilience. However, Seawall Ecological Impact does not directly affect livelihood resilience, and fishers ' adaptation strategies neither directly enhance livelihood resilience nor mediate the relationships between seawall ecological impact, economic pressure, and livelihood resilience. Furthermore, Government Support significantly strengthens the relationship between adaptation strategies and livelihood resilience, highlighting its role as an important moderating factor. Conclusion: This study contributes to the literature on coastal adaptation by demonstrating that fisher resilience cannot be enhanced via livelihood adaptation alone but requires the backing of effective government interventions. To build resilience among fishing populations facing coastal shifts driven by infrastructure development, this study highlights the critical need for robust institutional backing, flexible governance models, and focused economic supports. This study provides empirical evidence to support more inclusive coastal governance and sustainable livelihood policies in rapidly urbanizing coastal regions.]]>
