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MALL Tools and Strategies for Language Skills, Autonomy, and Digital Literacy: A Case Study of EFL TOEFL Preparation Classes Bahruddin; Suprihantosa Sugiarto
Indonesian Journal of Education and Development Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2027): Januari 2027
Publisher : CV. Rayyan Dwi Bharata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57235/ijedr.v5i1.9346

Abstract

Mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) is now routine in Indonesian higher education, yet little is known about how students in test-preparation courses use specific apps and what they gain beyond test practice. This qualitative case study explored how six MALL tools (Socrative, EnglishScore, ELSA Speak, VOA Learning English, Listen English Practice, and Grammarly) supported the four language skills and shaped learner autonomy, motivation, and digital literacy among 77 undergraduate English education students in three TOEFL preparation classes at a state Islamic university in East Java, Indonesia. Data were collected through a questionnaire with closed and open-ended items, six classroom observations, and semi-structured interviews with 15 students. Qualitative data were analysed thematically following Braun and Clarke's six phases, and closed items were summarised descriptively. Most students reported gains in listening (85%), speaking confidence (76%), reading (70%), and writing accuracy (68%), which they attributed to immediate feedback, adjustable audio, and accessible authentic texts. Most also used the apps independently outside class (82%) and described feedback and visible progress as motivating. Digital literacy grew mainly in operational skills and, to a lesser extent, in evaluating feedback and online sources. Unstable connectivity, app crashes, and phone distractions limited these benefits. The findings suggest that MALL works best when teachers embed apps in structured blended routines that include goal setting, self-monitoring, and explicit digital literacy instruction. Because the evidence is self-reported and short term, longitudinal designs with performance measures are recommended.
The Influence of Green Accounting and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on Firm Value Toni Adhitya; Suprihantosa Sugiarto
Journal of Creative Power and Ambition (JCPA) Vol. 4 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Creative Power and Ambition (JCPA)
Publisher : CV Edujavare Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70610/jcpa.2164

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the impact of Green Accounting implementation and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure on firm value, proxied by Return on Equity (ROE). Employing a quantitative approach with a descriptive-verificative method, the research population comprises all issuers in the property and real estate sub-sector listed in the Ministry of Environment and Forestry’s (KLHK) Company Performance Rating Program in Environmental Management (PROPER). Using purposive sampling, 10 corporate entities were selected over a five-year observation period (2021–2025), yielding 50 panel data observations. Data were extracted from integrated financial reports, sustainability reports, and official KLHK decrees, then processed using multiple linear regression via IBM SPSS software. Descriptive analysis classified the issuers' implementation of Green Accounting and CSR as falling within the "moderate" category. Partial hypothesis testing (t-test) revealed that Green Accounting has a significant negative effect on firm value (sig. 0.001 < 0.05). Similarly, the CSR disclosure variable was found to negatively affect return on equity (sig. 0.030 < 0.05). However, simultaneous testing (F-test) showed that both instruments significantly influence firm value (sig. 0.000 < 0.05), with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 35.1%. This phenomenon of negative correlation confirms the applicability of agency theory in the short term, wherein the capitalization of environmental restoration costs and the allocation of social funds act as expenses that reduce net profit for conventional shareholders.