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Lilis Wijayanti
Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Other

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Pola Makan dan Hubungannya dengan Tingkat Ekskresi Iodium Urin (EIU) pada Anak Usia Sekolah: Studi Cross-sectional Dwi Yuniar Intan Sari; Suyatno Suyatno; Lilis Wijayanti; Ahmad Syauqy
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 10 No. 2SP (2026): AMERTA NUTRITION SUPPLEMENTARY EDITION
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v10i2SP.2026.4-14

Abstract

Background: Iodine is a crucial micronutrient for cognitive and physical development, particularly in childhood. Iodine shortage in school-aged children adversely affects cognitive function and general health. Diet significantly influences an individual's iodine consumption. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the correlation between dietary patterns in school-aged children and urine iodine excretion (UIE), which reflects iodine status, in Purworejo Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Methods: A total of 211 youngsters aged 6 to 12 years were chosen for analysis. This research employed a cross-sectional methodology, gathering dietary intake data via a food frequency questionnaire and assessing UIE through spot urine samples. Dietary trends were discerned with principal component analysis (PCA) and evaluated using linear regression models. Results: This study identified three major dietary patterns, namely a staple- food, vegetable, fruit, and animal-based foods pattern; a processed-food–based pattern; and a plant-based, dairy, and sweetener-enriched pattern. After adjusting for confounders, a more diverse and nutritious diet containing staple foods and animal products was found to increase UIE levels. A diet based on staple foods, vegetables, fruits, and animal products was positively associated with increased UIE levels (p-value<0.05). A diet based on processed foods was also positively associated with increased UIE levels, although the effect was smaller (p-value<0.05). Conclusions: A balanced and healthy diet, especially one that includes staple foods and animal products, is associated with adequate iodine status in school-aged children.
Hubungan Kadar Ekskresi Iodium Urin (EIU) dengan Hasil Belajar pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar: Studi Cross Sectional in Purworejo Regency Dila Lintang Harmanto Putri; Suyatno Suyatno; Ahmad Syauqy; Lilis Wijayanti
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 10 No. 2SP (2026): AMERTA NUTRITION SUPPLEMENTARY EDITION
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v10i2SP.2026.15-24

Abstract

Background: Iodine is an essential micronutrient for brain development and cognitive function in children. Deficiency of iodine in elementary school children can result in impaired intellectual growth and reduced academic achievement. The status of iodine nutrition is commonly evaluated by measuring urinary iodine excretion (UIE), which serves as a reliable biomarker of iodine intake. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the relationship between UIE levels and academic achievement among elementary school children in Purworejo Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Methods: This observational study used a cross-sectional study design involving 211 elementary school students from three selected schools. UIE levels were measured through spectrophotometric analysis of urine samples. Academic achievement was assessed using students’ report card grades, including scores from mid-term and final exams across all subjects. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation and multivariate linear regression tests. Results: The findings indicate that UIE levels do not show a significant correlation (p-value>0.05) with students' academic performance across all subjects. The factors significantly associated with academic outcomes were demographic characteristics, particularly gender and age (p-value<0.05), which were associated with performance in most subjects. After adjustment in the multivariate analysis, maternal education level and intelligence questionnaire scores were not significantly associated with academic achievement (p-value>0.05). Conclusions: UIE was not significantly associated with the academic performance of elementary school-aged children. Gender and age remained significantly associated with learning outcomes in several subjects, whereas maternal education level and intelligence questionnaire scores were not significant after multivariable adjustment.
Co-Authors Ahmad Syauqy Dila Lintang Harmanto Putri Dwi Yuniar Intan Sari Suyatno Suyatno Suyatno Suyatno