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All Journal Bulletin of Indonesian Islamic Studies
Rofiqoh Nurul Ashfiya
Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam al-Anwar, Rembang, Indonesia
Religion Arts Humanities Education Social Sciences

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Comparative Study of Moses in the Qur’an and the Bible: Narrative Differences, Theological Construction, and Historical Context Muhammad Najib; Rofiqoh Nurul Ashfiya; Ali Ja'far
Bulletin of Indonesian Islamic Studies Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Bulletin of Indonesian Islamic Studies
Publisher : KURAS Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51214/biis.v5i2.2374

Abstract

This article compares the narratives of Moses in the Qur'an and the Bible and explores ‘thinking beyond the narratives.’ Existing comparative studies often focus only on identifying similarities and differences. This research aims to address this gap by asking why such variations and similarities exist and what their theological implications are. Using a qualitative, critical-comparative analysis method that combines narratological, comparative theological, and historical-critical approaches, this study examines key episodes, such as the Golden Calf incident and the drowning of Pharaoh. The results indicate that narrative differences are not random variations but rather theological constructions with significant implications. These differences stem from two fundamental factors: (1) the theological foundations of each sacred text, particularly the concept of prophethood (such as ‘Iṣmat al-Anbiyā’ in Islam) and the concept of revelation; and (2) the historical context and intended audience, where the Bible serves as a formative national narrative for the Israelite people, while the Qur'an conveys universal moral messages ('ibrah) to a broader audience of the Late Antiquity era.
Co-Authors Ali Ja'far Muhammad Najib