Jambi Province remains dependent on natural resource-based activities, while a sector’s contribution to gross regional domestic product does not necessarily represent its competitiveness or long-term growth capacity. This study identifies basic and prospective sectors, examines structural shifts, and tests the relationship between leading-sector contribution and economic growth during 2010–2024. A descriptive quantitative design used secondary data on Jambi Province’s gross regional domestic product, Indonesia’s gross domestic product, and regional economic growth from Statistics Indonesia. Location Quotient, Dynamic Location Quotient, Shift-Share, and Pearson correlation were applied. Location Quotient identified six basic sectors: agriculture, forestry, and fisheries; mining and quarrying; water supply and waste management; public administration; education; and human health and social work. The combined Location Quotient and Dynamic Location Quotient classification placed agriculture, mining, water supply, and education in the leading category, while trade, transportation, information and communication, financial services, real estate, and business services were prospective. Shift-Share indicated competitive advantages particularly in agriculture, mining, construction, and trade. Pearson correlation produced a coefficient of 0.588 with a significance level of 0.027, showing a positive and statistically significant relationship between leading-sector contribution and regional economic growth. These findings support downstream processing, productive infrastructure, human-capital improvement, and sectoral diversification to build more resilient and sustainable economic growth in Jambi Province