Adhitya Kusuma Wardhana
Univeristas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia

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Legal Certainty and Legal Protection for Holders of Certificates of Ownership: An Analysis of Judgment No. 3/Pdt.G/2020/PN.Atb and Judgment No. 2174 K/Pdt/2021 Adhitya Kusuma Wardhana; Albertus Sentot Sudarwanto; Jadmiko Anom Husodo
Siber International Journal of Advanced Law (SIJAL) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Siber International Journal of Advanced Law (October - December 2026)
Publisher : Siber Nusantara Review & Yayasan Sinergi Inovasi Bersama (SIBER)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/sijal.v4i2.448

Abstract

This study analyzes the legal implications of Article 32(2) of Government Regulation No. 24 of 1997 on Land Registration regarding legal certainty and protection for holders of Certificates of Ownership. Using a normative legal research method with a statutory approach, a case-based approach, and a conceptual approach, this study examines the legal reasoning (ratio decidendi) in the Atambua District Court Decision No. 3/Pdt.G/2020/PN.Atb and the Supreme Court’s judicial review No. 2174 K/Pdt/2021. The analysis is conducted through three main theoretical pillars: the Theory of Judicial Rationale (Ratio Decidendi), Gustav Radbruch’s Theory of Legal Certainty, and Rudolf von Jhering’s Theory of Legal Protection. The research findings indicate that the first-instance court’s setting aside of the 5-year time limit was based on the protection of customary land rights and the identification of procedural defects; however, this departure from the rule undermined formal legal certainty (rechtssicherheit). Conversely, the Supreme Court restored stability in land registration by affirming the strong probative force (stark bewijskracht) of the evidence and the guarantee of protection for bona fide purchasers in accordance with SEMA No. 1 of 2017.