<![CDATA[KWT Dorang Cinta, a community-based farming group in Surabaya, Indonesia, faced several operational challenges in managing its Deep Flow Technique (DFT) hydroponic system. These included intermittent monitoring of pH and total dissolved solids (TDS) using portable instruments, manual nutrient dosing and pH adjustment based on members’ experience, and reliance on grid electricity to operate the water circulation pump. These limitations reportedly contributed to reduced crop yields and increased electricity costs, as indicated by interviews with group members. This community service program aimed to implement a solar photovoltaic (PV)-integrated smart greenhouse to improve hydroponic nutrient management and provide an alternative energy source for system operation. The intervention integrated pH, TDS, water-level, and temperature sensors with an ESP32-based controller, automated nutrient and pH dosing systems, smartphone-based monitoring, and a 300 Wp solar PV system equipped with a 12 V/100 Ah battery. The implementation process comprised field assessment, system development, installation, training, equipment handover, and evaluation. A five-point Likert-scale questionnaire was administered to 15 participants to assess their understanding, perceived usability, operational readiness, and perceived benefits of the training. The overall mean score was 3.97 out of 5, indicating generally positive participant perceptions. The highest rating was recorded for perceived productivity benefits (4.40 ± 0.51), whereas troubleshooting skills (3.33 ± 1.05) and knowledge of PV system operation (3.40 ± 1.12) received the lowest ratings. These findings demonstrate the technical feasibility of implementing the integrated system and its positive acceptance among participants. However, the relatively lower ratings for troubleshooting and PV operation underscore the need for continued technical mentoring and long-term performance evaluation to ensure effective system operation and sustainability.]]>
