Derrick I-Hsien Ting
National University of Kaohsiung

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BLOCKCHAIN-ENABLED SMART LOGISTIC SHIPS: ENHANCING SUPPLY CHAIN TRACEABILITY, ADMINISTRATIVE EFFICIENCY, AND CARBON COMPLIANCE IN INDONESIAN ARCHIPELAGIC MARITIME NETWORKS Ifan Widayatullah; Koespiadi Koespiadi; Derrick I-Hsien Ting
Neutron Vol 24 No 02 (2025): JANUARY 2025
Publisher : NAROTAMA UNIVERSITY, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29138/neutron.v24i02.301

Abstract

Indonesian inter-island freight logistics requires coordinated document exchange, cargo visibility, and credible operational carbon records. This study develops an evidence-audited conceptual architecture for blockchain-enabled smart logistic ships, integrating electronic bills of lading (eBL), onboard Internet-of-Things (IoT) telemetry, permissioned Hyperledger Fabric networks, and a carbon-data audit trail. Official Statistics Indonesia publications provide sectoral context; verified maritime blockchain studies, IMO rules, and the UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Transferable Records underpin the proposed architecture. The methodology specifies participant roles, off-chain sensor-data storage, on-chain event hashes, state transitions, authorization controls, and a reproducible cost-benefit framework. No prototype logs, port transaction records, or measured process times were supplied; therefore, the original document-latency, dwell-time, cost-saving, and return-on-investment percentages cannot be reported as verified empirical results. A transparent conditional illustration using author-provided cost assumptions is presented instead. The resulting contribution is a technically consistent, auditable design and validation protocol for future trials on Indonesian feeder routes, rather than a claim of demonstrated deployment performance.
BLOCKCHAIN LOGISTIC SHIPS (BLS) AND SMART CONTRACTS FOR TRANSPARENT MARITIME SUPPLY CHAINS: AN EVIDENCE-AUDITED FRAMEWORK FOR INDONESIAN PORTS Rudi Dwi Arifiyanto; Adi Prawito; Derrick I-Hsien Ting
Neutron Vol 24 No 02 (2025): JANUARY 2025
Publisher : NAROTAMA UNIVERSITY, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29138/neutron.v24i02.303

Abstract

Indonesian maritime logistics involves multiple organizations that exchange cargo documents, vessel-call information, and trade-finance records. This article develops an evidence-audited conceptual framework for Blockchain Logistic Ships (BLS), integrating a permissioned ledger, electronic bills of lading (e-BLs), smart contracts, and vessel/port Internet-of-Things (IoT) telemetry. The analysis combines the scope of official Statistics Indonesia (BPS) Sea Transportation Statistics publications for 2021–2024 with verified peer-reviewed literature and technical/legal standards. A four-layer architecture is proposed for sensor acquisition, interoperability, blockchain validation, and document/finance applications. The published literature supports potential gains in traceability and document coordination, but identifies governance, adoption, legal-recognition, interoperability, and cybersecurity barriers. Claims of specific dwell-time reductions, anti-fraud percentages, and cost savings in the preliminary manuscript could not be substantiated with documented port experiments. Accordingly, this paper offers a reproducible evaluation protocol rather than presenting these figures as measured impacts. The resulting framework specifies source validation, event-timestamp benchmarks, ledger-performance testing, and financial sensitivity analysis as requirements for pilot deployment in Indonesian ports.