<![CDATA[Manufacturing organizations increasingly rely on digital technologies, integrated data, workforce capabilities, and flexible processes to respond rapidly to production changes, yet manufacturing agility is unlikely to depend on any single factor. Conventional quantitative studies typically estimate the independent net effects of such factors and may overlook the possibility that different combinations of conditions produce comparable agility. This study identifies configurations of digital manufacturing capability, data integration, management support, employee digital competence, and process flexibility associated with high manufacturing agility. A quantitative configurational design was applied at PT Astra Honda Motor’s Karawang Plant between October 2025 and April 2026. Using purposive sampling, 200 employees completed a 30-item, five-point Likert questionnaire distributed through Google Forms after giving electronic informed consent, and the data were analyzed with fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis. All constructs were reliable (Cronbach’s α = .921–.926). No single condition was necessary for high agility (highest consistency = .731). Three configurations were sufficient for high agility (solution consistency = .880; solution coverage = .638): digital manufacturing capability × data integration × process flexibility; management support × employee digital competence × process flexibility; and digital manufacturing capability × data integration × management support × employee digital competence. Low agility was associated with two different configurations (consistency = .920; coverage = .431), indicating causal asymmetry. High manufacturing agility may therefore emerge through multiple alternative configurations rather than through a single universally sufficient technological or organizational condition.]]>
