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All Journal JAS (Journal of ASEAN Studies) Jurnal Ilmiah HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL
Nandyatama, Randy Wirasta
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Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Social Sciences

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Beyond Brinkmanship: The Implication of South China Sea Conflicts on China’s Soft Power in Southeast Asia Nandyatama, Randy Wirasta
JAS (Journal of ASEAN Studies) Vol 7, No 1 (2019): Journal of ASEAN Studies
Publisher : Centre for Business and Diplomatic Studies (CBDS) Bina Nusantara University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21512/jas.v7i1.5684

Abstract

While contemporary scholarly literatures on South China Sea conflicts have been dominated by hard power calculations, some other aspects remain under-researched. Rather underplayed in the existing literature is the question on the political implication of the conflicts on China’s soft power in the region. In responding to this issue, this article tries to carefully investigate the nature of the China’s soft power and the linkage between the increasing Chinese assertive measures in the South China Sea and the foundation of China’s soft power in the region. Through some cases of China’s skirmishes with Southeast Asian countries on the South China Sea between 2009 and 2012, this article argues that Beijing’s increasing hard power measures have induced growing threat perceptions in the region. This very context not only signals a distinct dissonance of Beijing’s image in Southeast Asia but also creates surging discontents and rejections to China’s role and political position in the region. Ultimately, China’s perceived inappropriate hard power measures affect its soft power, particularly in eroding the reputation of being a benign political entity as its source of soft power in Southeast Asia.
Memahami Diplomasi Aktor Non-Negara Warisan Konferensi Bandung Nandyatama, Randy Wirasta
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 21 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v21i2.9963.68-81

Abstract

ABSTRAK Konferensi Bandung menandai perubahan penting dalam praktik diplomasi global. Meskipun berdampak besar dalam politik antarnegara, tulisan ini menyoroti elemen lain dari penyelenggaraan Konferensi Bandung, yakni pentingnya pengakuan terhadap inisiatif diplomasi yang dilakukan oleh aktor non-negara melalui pendekatan “diplomasi baru” (new diplomacy). Berbasis studi literatur dan process tracing, tulisan ini secara khusus mengkaji dan membandingkan strategi dua organisasi yang terkait erat dengan Konferensi Bandung, yaitu Afro-Asian People's Solidarity Organization (AAPSO) dan Afro-Asian Journalists Association (AAJA). Artikel ini menunjukkan bagaimana aktivisme transnasional dari aktor non-negara terutama dalam memanfaatkan kesempatan politik, membangun institusi, dan mensosialisasikan agendanya berkontribusi dalam menciptakan praktik diplomasi alternatif di ranah internasional. Kata Kunci: Konferensi Bandung, diplomasi, aktor non-negara, aktivisme transnasional   ABSTRACT The Bandung Conference marked a significant transformation in the practice of global diplomacy. While it had a major impact on interstate politics, this paper highlights another important element of the Bandung Conference, namely the recognition of diplomatic initiatives conducted by non-state actors through the approach of “new diplomacy.” Based on literature study and process tracing, this paper specifically examines and compares the strategies of the Afro-Asian People's Solidarity Organization (AAPSO) and the Afro-Asian Journalists Association (AAJA)as two organizations closely linked to the Bandung Conference. The article demonstrates how the transnational activism of non-state actors, particularly in seizing political opportunities, institutionalization, and socializing their agendas, contributed to the creation of alternative diplomatic practices in the international sphere.   Keywords: Bandung Conference, diplomacy, non-state actors, transnational activism
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