<![CDATA[The high intensity of religious rituals in Bali has increased organic waste volume, particularly canang waste. The ceper part of canang, made from young coconut leaves, has potential as a biomass source due to its high lignocellulosic content; however, its utilization as alternative energy remains limited. This study aimed to determine the effects of tapioca adhesive concentration and drying duration on the characteristics of bio-pellets from ceper canang waste, and to identify the best treatment according to SNI 8021-2014 standards. This study employed a factorial Randomized Block Design with two factors: tapioca adhesive concentration (10%, 20%, 30%) and drying duration (1, 2, 3 hours) at 90°C. Parameters observed included yield, moisture content, ash content, volatile matter content, density, and calorific value.Results showed that the interaction between adhesive concentration and drying duration significantly affected all bio-pellet characteristics. Yield values ranged from 50.25–81.00%, moisture content 2.50–7.20%, ash content 3.21–8.05%, volatile matter content 32.19–75.07%, density 0.630–0.843 g/cm³, and calorific value 2328.31–4150.54 cal/g. The best treatment was a combination of 30% adhesive concentration and 3 hours of drying (A3T3), producing 3.51% moisture content, 8.05% ash content, 61.22% volatile matter content, 0.843 g/cm³ density, and 4012.88 cal/g calorific value. Under this treatment, the bio-pellet characteristics met SNI 8021-2014 quality standards for moisture content, volatile matter content, density, and calorific value, although the ash content remained above the maximum threshold.]]>
