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All Journal Lambda: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan MIPA dan Aplikasinya
Alya Dinda Karimah Daulay
Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Education Mathematics Physics Public Health Other

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Antifungal Efficacy of Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) Fruit Extract Ointment in a Trichophyton rubrum–Induced Rat Model of Dermatophytosis: A Histopathological Evaluation Adela Sandrina; Sarah Yuliansen Br Simanjuntak; Jo Berube; Alya Dinda Karimah Daulay; Jesslyn Angel Tanaka; Aryo Goro; Linda Chiuman; Ikhwanul Hakim Nasution
Lambda: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan MIPA dan Aplikasinya Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Lambda
Publisher : Lembaga Bale Literasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58218/lambda.v6i3.4912

Abstract

This study evaluated andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) fruit ethanol-extract ointment in Trichophyton rubrum dermatophytosis using serial lesion measurements and terminal histopathology. Twenty-five male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were allocated to vehicle, terbinafine 1%, or nominal 10%, 30%, and 50% extract ointments (n = 5/group). Dermatophytosis was induced with T. rubrum ATCC 28188 (100 µL, 1 × 10? conidia/mL) and confirmed by clinical signs and potassium-hydroxide microscopy approximately 10 days after inoculation. Treatment was applied once daily for 10 days. Lesion area was measured on treatment days 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10; H&E inflammation and PAS fungal-element scores were assessed on treatment day 11. Screening detected tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and saponins. Groups did not differ on day 2 (p = 1.000), but differed from day 4 onward (Welch ANOVA, all p < .001). On day 10, lesion area was 7.06 ± 2.17 mm² with nominal 50% ointment and 7.63 ± 1.82 mm² with terbinafine (Games–Howell p = .990), versus 192.88 ± 28.42 mm² with vehicle. H&E scores differed among groups (H[4] = 24.000, p < .001), with medians of 1 for nominal 50% ointment and 3 for vehicle. PAS scores were 2 in every active-treatment group and 3 with vehicle (H[4] = 24.000, p < .001). The nominal 50% formulation warrants confirmatory preclinical testing, but these results establish neither therapeutic equivalence nor fungal eradication.
Co-Authors Adela Sandrina Aryo Goro Ikhwanul Hakim Nasution Jesslyn Angel Tanaka Jo Berube Linda Chiuman Sarah Yuliansen Br Simanjuntak