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All Journal JPAK: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Katolik
Ola Rongan Wilhelmus
Theological Education Study Program, Widya Yuwana College of Teacher Training and Education (STKIP), Madiun, Indonesia
Religion Humanities Education Social Sciences

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Improving Student Activity and Learning Outcomes in Religiosity Education through the STAD Cooperative Learning Model Rosalia Kidi; Ola Rongan Wilhelmus
Bahasa Indonesia Vol 26 No 2 (2026): October 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian STKIP Widya Yuwana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34150/jpak.v26i2.1389

Abstract

Religiosity Education that is still dominated by lecturing tends to position students as passive recipients of information, so their engagement and learning outcomes remain suboptimal. The same condition was found in Grade X at SMKS Farmasi Citra Farma Wlingi, marked by low participation, students’ reluctance to ask questions and voice opinions, and group work that had not yet run effectively. This study therefore aimed to improve student activity and learning outcomes on the topic of Cultural, Religious, and Belief Fanaticism through the Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) learning model. It was a classroom action research study with quantitative and qualitative approaches, conducted in two cycles. Data were collected through observation of student learning activity, student group work, and teacher activity, together with an objective test, and were analyzed descriptively. The results show that student group-work activity increased from 75.00% to 84.75%, teacher activity from 79.41% to 92.65%, and the mean objective test score from 80.77 to 92.31.
The Dynamics of the Relationship Between State and Religion Ola Rongan Wilhelmus
Bahasa Indonesia Vol 26 No 2 (2026): October 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian STKIP Widya Yuwana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34150/k6eww717

Abstract

In the period leading up to and following Indonesian independence, the relationship between religion and the state was fiercely debated between supporters of a secular state and supporters of a theocratic (religious) state. Advocates of a theocratic state held that Western secularism could weaken the influence of religion in national and public life, and they wanted Islam to be the religion and the legal basis of the state. Supporters of a secular state, by contrast, held that secularism was the best choice if religion and the state were each to fulfill their own tasks and functions. After a lengthy debate, the religious-nationalist leaders and the people agreed to establish Indonesia as a religious nation-state. Such a state recognizes religious values without positioning any particular religion or religious teaching as the state religion or the basis of state law.Using a qualitative, this article aims to examine the basic concepts of the secular state and the theocratic state, as well as Indonesia as a religious nation-state and the challenges it faces. It is a qualitative library study. A critical evaluation of the literature reveals that a secular state strictly separates religious institutions from the state. A theocratic state establishes a particular religion as the state religion and positions divine law  as the supreme law of the state. A religious nation-state recognizes divine values but does not adopt the teaching of any particular religion as the state religion and the basis of state law.
Co-Authors Rosalia Kidi