<![CDATA[Industri perbankan syariah Indonesia menghadapi paradoks struktural: pertumbuhan aset yang pesat tidak diimbangi oleh kualitas portofolio yang konsisten, khususnya pada Unit Usaha Syariah (UUS) dalam sistem perbankan ganda. Penelitian ini bertujuan menginvestigasi bagaimana manajemen risiko memoderasi hubungan antara kompetensi, kepatuhan syariah, dan strategi penagihan terhadap kualitas portofolio pembiayaan pada Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD), dengan mengintegrasikan Resource Orchestration Theory, Enabling Bureaucracy Theory, dan Institutional Logic Theory dalam kerangka Maqasid al-Syariah. Penelitian menerapkan pendekatan kuantitatif eksplanatif dengan teknik sensus terhadap 111 pemegang kewenangan pembiayaan di UUS Bank Sumut, Medan, menggunakan analisis Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) melalui SmartPLS 4.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi karyawan dan kepatuhan syariah secara kolektif memberikan kontribusi sebesar 80,6% (R²=0,806) terhadap peningkatan kualitas portofolio, mengonfirmasi dominasi kontrol preventif (ex-ante) dibandingkan upaya pemulihan (ex-post). Temuan krusial mengungkap fenomena “Kendala Ganda” (Dual Constraints): manajemen risiko efektif sebagai enabling bureaucracy dalam memperkuat kompetensi komersial (β=0,187, p=0,013), namun gagal mengintegrasikan logika religius (kepatuhan syariah) secara organik, sehingga kedua sistem tata kelola beroperasi terpisah tanpa sinergi. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan Resource Orchestration Theory dalam konteks organisasi multi-logika dan mengoperasionalisasikan hifdz al-mal dalam manajemen risiko perbankan modern. Rekomendasi kebijakan diarahkan kepada OJK untuk mewajibkan penerapan Maqāṣid-Based Risk Scorecard dan kepada Direksi BPD untuk membentuk jabatan Shariah Risk Officer guna menyelaraskan logika komersial dan religius dalam operasional perbankan daerah. Kata kunci: Manajemen Risiko; Kompetensi; Kepatuhan Syariah; Kualitas Portofolio; Kendala Ganda. ABSTRACT Indonesia’s Islamic banking industry faces a structural paradox: rapid asset growth is not matched by consistent portfolio quality, particularly in Sharia Business Units (SBUs) operating under a dual banking system. This study investigates how risk management moderates the relationships between competence, Sharia compliance, and collection strategy on financing portfolio quality in Regional Development Banks (RDBs), integrating Resource Orchestration Theory, Enabling Bureaucracy Theory, and Institutional Logic Theory within a Maqasid al-Shariah framework. A quantitative explanatory design was employed, using a census survey of 111 financing authority holders at the Sharia Business Unit of Bank Sumut, Medan, analyzed through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4.0. Results indicate that employee competence and Sharia compliance collectively account for 80.6% of variance in portfolio quality (R²=0.806), confirming the primacy of preventive ex-ante controls over ex-post recovery efforts. The study’s crucial finding reveals a “Dual Constraints” phenomenon: risk management effectively functions as an enabling bureaucracy in amplifying commercial competence (β=0.187, p=0.013), yet fails to organically integrate religious logic (Sharia compliance), leaving both governance systems operating in parallel without mutual reinforcement. These findings contribute theoretically to Resource Orchestration Theory in multi-logic organizational contexts and operationalize hifdz al-mal within modern banking risk management. Policy recommendations direct OJK to mandate the Maqāṣid-Based Risk Scorecard and RDB boards of directors to establish the Shariah Risk Officer position to align commercial and religious logics in regional banking operations. Keywords: Risk Management; Competence; Sharia Compliance; Portfolio Quality; Dual Constraints.]]>
