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All Journal Al-Kharaj: Journal of Islamic Economic and Business
Andi Runis Makkulau
Manajemen Akuntansi, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Enam Enam Kendari
Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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Deontic-Temporal Policy-Verified Adaptive Ensembles with Safe Reinforcement Learning for AI-Driven Real-Time Tax Compliance Monitoring Fahmi Sahlan Fahmi Sahlan; Andi Runis Makkulau; Muhammad Faried Pratama; Muhammad Fery Hidayat
Al-Kharaj: Journal of Islamic Economic and Business Vol. 7 No. 4 (2025): All articles in this issue include authors from 3 countries of origin (Indonesi
Publisher : LP2M UIN Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24256/kharaj.v7i4.12929

Abstract

Tax compliance monitoring increasingly depends on timely detection of anomalous transactions, yet a prediction alone is insufficient when an administrative decision must also be justified against applicable rules. This study develops a compliance-aware anomaly detection architecture for an Integrated Tax Management Information System (ITMIS). It combines a heterogeneous ensemble of isolation forest, LSTM autoencoder, and gradient-boosted tree models with conformal uncertainty estimates, deontic-temporal policy monitoring, a constrained reinforcement-learning threshold governor, and cryptographically traceable decision records. The source manuscript reports an AUPRC of 0.847 on a synthetic deontic tax transaction stream, compared with 0.712 and 0.668 for two adaptive baselines. It also reports a demographic parity difference of 0.021, a gate rejection rate of 6.8%, and mean end-to-end latency of 47 ms. These figures are presented as reported study outcomes rather than independently reproduced measurements. The proposed contribution is to connect policy verification to the decision to accept or reject an adaptive threshold update, rather than reserving compliance checks for post hoc review. The framework offers a design for combining anomaly sensitivity, interpretable decisions, fairness monitoring, and tamper-evident auditing. Its operational and legal guarantees remain conditional on the correctness of encoded rules, monitoring semantics, and the underlying implementation.
Co-Authors Fahmi Sahlan Fahmi Sahlan Muhammad Faried Pratama Muhammad Fery Hidayat