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All Journal Agritrop : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian (Journal of Agricultural Science)
Arina Saniaty
Universitas Palangka Raya
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Morphological Diversity of Eight Bird’s Eye Chili (Capsicum spp.) Accessions Evaluated on Peatland in Palangka Raya, Indonesia Arina Saniaty; Veronenci Yuliarbi Farlisa; Putri Aulia Rahmah
Agritrop : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian (Journal of Agricultural Science) Vol. 23 No. 1 (2025): Agritrop: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32528/agritrop.v23i1.3997

Abstract

Bird’s eye chili (Capsicum spp.) is an important horticultural crop in Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan, but the morphological profiles of farmer-grown accessions remain insufficiently documented. This study characterized qualitative morphological variation in eight accessions and explored their patterns of similarity. The accessions comprised three commercial cultivars (Rawita F1, Tiger, and Tiung) and five local accessions (P1–P5). Thirty-six qualitative UPOV descriptors were recorded, with 21 representative traits presented in the tables. The coded data were examined using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis. The first two principal components explained 60.54% of the variation in the coded dataset, with PC1 and PC2 accounting for 36.11% and 24.43%, respectively. Traits associated with accession separation included fruit shape, anthocyanin-related characteristics, leaf variegation, and leaf-surface features. At the 60% similarity level, the UPGMA dendrogram based on Gower similarity separated the accessions into three clusters: P5 formed a single-accession cluster, P1 grouped with P4, and Tiung, Tiger, P2, P3, and Rawita F1 formed the third cluster. P3 and Rawita F1 showed the closest morphological association within the third cluster. These findings document phenotypic differences among the evaluated accessions but do not establish genetic relationships or demonstrate adaptation to peatland. Further research should include replicated plants per accession, quantitative agronomic traits, and molecular markers.
Co-Authors Putri Aulia Rahmah Veronenci yuliarbi farlisa