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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik (Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Pharmacy)
Rolando Rahardjoputro
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Kusuma Husada, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia
Medicine & Pharmacology

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Analysis of Drug Related Problems (DRPs) Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta Faizal Ardiansyah; Rolando Rahardjoputro; Adhi Wardhana Amrullah; Eerzta Zusvita Widyastuti
Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik Vol. 23 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinis (JIFFK)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/jiffk.v23i2.14199

Abstract

Drug Related Problems are drug therapy–related issues that may negatively affect clinical and economic outcomes. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are particularly at risk due to chronic disease management and frequent use of multiple medications. This study aimed to identify potential DRPs in adult outpatient type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta. This observational descriptive study employed a cross-sectional design. Medical record data of adult outpatient type 2 diabetes mellitus patients treated during 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. Data extraction was conducted in February–March 2025. Patients were selected using purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Potential DRPs were identified and classified according to the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe Classification version 9.1. Among 100 medical records reviewed, 8 patients (8.0%) experienced potential DRPs, with a total of 28 cases consisting of 2 problem domains (P) and 6 cause domains (C). The most frequent problems were non-optimal drug treatment effects (P1.2) (21.4%) and possible adverse drug events (P2.1) (7.1%). The most common causes included inappropriate drug selection not in accordance with guidelines or formularies (C1.1) (25.0%) and subtherapeutic dosing (C3.1) (21.4%). Although the proportion of patients with potential drug related problems was relatively low, clinically relevant issues related to drug selection and dosing were identified. These findings highlight the important role of pharmacists in routine medication review and optimization of pharmacotherapy to prevent DRPs in outpatient type 2 diabetes mellitus management.
Retrospective Evaluation of Drug-Related Problems in Hospitalized Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at X General Hospital in 2024 Hafiidz Salam Arrosyiid Arrosyiid; Rolando Rahardjoputro; Agnes Prawistya Sari; Eersta Zusvita Widyastuti
Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik Vol. 23 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinis (JIFFK)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/jiffk.v23i2.14225

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels due to metabolic disorders. Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) are treatment-related conditions that can lead to therapy failure, worsen glycaemic control, prolong hospitalization, and increase morbidity. This study aimed to identify DRPs in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus hospitalized at General Hospital X during 2024. This retrospective descriptive study analysed medical records of 100 patients selected from 4,779 hospitalized diabetes patients in 2024. Data were analysed using Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) V.9.1 parameters focusing on problem and cause domains, then processed with SPSS. Most patients were female (61%) with the highest age group being 51-60 years (46%). The most common comorbidity was hypertension (42.26%). Treatment patterns were dominated by insulin aspart (NovoRapid) (29.12%) and metformin (25.82%). DRPs were identified in 33 patients (33%) with 49 total incidents. The most dominant category was treatment safety problems (P2) with 33 cases (67.34%), consisting of 1 adverse drug reaction and 32 potential drug interactions that could compromise patient safety and glycaemic stability. Other categories included drug selection problems (C1) in 11 cases (22.44%): 10 drugs without indication (C1.3) and 1 therapy duplication (C1.5); treatment effectiveness problems (P1) in 4 cases (8.16%) related to untreated indications (P3.1); and dose selection problems (C3) in 1 case (2.04%) involving insufficient dosage (C3.1). The predominance of treatment safety issues underscores the need for pharmaceutical care interventions in hospitalized diabetic patients.
Co-Authors Adhi Wardhana Amrullah Agnes Prawistya Sari Eersta Zusvita Widyastuti Eerzta Zusvita Widyastuti Faizal Ardiansyah Hafiidz Salam Arrosyiid Arrosyiid