<![CDATA[Land registration in Indonesia is intended to ensure legal certainty over property rights; however, its implementation does not always provide stable and substantive protection. The negative publication system with positive tendencies reflects a structural gap between administrative recognition through land certificates and the actual protection of ownership rights, with implications for sustainable land governance. This study aims to reassess how this system shapes legal certainty, limits property rights protection, and affects governance sustainability within a socio-legal framework. This research employs a normative legal method combined with a socio-legal approach, integrating conceptual analysis with case-based examination of statutory regulations, legal doctrines, and judicial decisions. The findings indicate that land registration produces formal and presumptive legal certainty rather than definitive protection. Land certificates function as strong administrative evidence but remain legally defeasible and subject to challenge, correction, or annulment due to procedural defects, data inconsistencies, or competing claims. From a socio-legal perspective, this condition creates conditional legal protection and shifts legal risk to rights holders, affecting tenure security and institutional trust. The study concludes that legal certainty is dynamic and non-final, and that sustainable land governance depends on the alignment between administrative registration, substantive legal validation, and effective institutional practices. This study also aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 1 (No Poverty), SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions), by emphasizing the importance of secure land tenure, inclusive governance, and reliable legal institutions in ensuring sustainable land governance.]]>
