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Mohd Rosli Mohd Hasan
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Education

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Effect of pyrolysis temperature on product yields and characteristics of bamboo-derived bio-oil and biochar Ari Susandy Sanjaya; Nurhaliza Nurhaliza; Riszca Rahmawati; Mohd Rosli Mohd Hasan
Konversi Vol 15, No 2 (2026): OCTOBER 2026
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v15i2.27075

Abstract

Pyrolysis of bamboo (Gigantochloa apus) offers a route for converting lignocellulosic biomass into bio-oil and biochar. This study evaluated the effect of pyrolysis temperature on product yields and selected properties of bamboo-derived products. Dried bamboo powder (250 g) was pyrolyzed in a laboratory-scale fixed-bed reactor without inert-gas flow at 300, 400, 500, and 600 °C for 60 min. Bio-oil was evaluated by yield, pH, density, and viscosity, whereas biochar was analyzed by yield and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The highest bio-oil yield was 18.80% at 400 °C, while biochar yield declined from 25.20% at 300 °C to 9.00% at 600 °C. Bio-oil exhibited weakly acidic pH (5–6), density of 0.8917–0.9168 g cm⁻³, and viscosity of 0.9322–1.2711 cP. FTIR indicated progressive carbonization with increasing pyrolysis temperature. SEM analysis showed that increasing pyrolysis temperature promoted micropore development, as evidenced by wider cavities and thinner cell walls in biochar at 600 °C compared to 300 °C. These results confirm that pyrolysis temperature strongly governs bamboo product distribution and biochar chemical structure.
Co-Authors Ari Susandy Sanjaya, Ari Susandy Nurhaliza Nurhaliza Riszca Rahmawati