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Grain Yield Stability of Rice Genotypes Shrestha, Jiban; Kushwaha, Ujjawal Kumar Singh; Maharjan, Bidhya; Kandel, Manoj; Gurung, Suk Bahadur; Poudel, Amrit Prasad; Karna, Manoj Kumar Lal; Acharya, Ramesh
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 3 No. 2 (2020): InJAR, Vol. 3, No. 2, July 2020
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v3i2.3868

Stability analysis identifies the adaptation of a crop genotype in different environments. The objective of this study was to evaluate promising rice genotypes for yield stability at different mid-hill environments of Nepal. The multilocation trials were conducted in 2017 and 2018 at three locations viz Lumle, Kaski; Pakhribas, Dhankuta; and Kabre, Dolakha. Seven rice genotypes namely NR11115-B-B-31-3, NR11139-B-B-B-13-3, NR10676-B-5-3, NR11011-B-B-B-B-29, NR11105-B-B-27, 08FAN10, and Khumal-4 were evaluated in each location. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The rice genotype NR10676-B-5-3 produced the highest grain yield (6.72 t/ha) among all genotypes. The growing environmental factors (climate and soil conditions) affect the grain yield performance of rice genotypes. The variation in climatic factors greatly contributed to the variation in grain yield. Polygon view of genotypic main effect plus genotype-by-environment interaction (GGE)Â biplot showed that the genotypes NR10676-B-53 and NR11105-B-B-27 were suitable for Lumle; NR11115-B-B-31-3 and NR11139-B-B-B-13-3 for Pakhribas; and 08FAN10 and NR11011-B-B-B-B-29 for Kabre. The GGE biplot showed that genotype NR10676-B-5-3 was stable hence it was near to the point of ideal genotype. This study suggests that NR10676-B-5-3 can be grown for higher grain yield production in mid-hills of Nepal.

Effect of Sowing Dates and Nitrogen Levels on Population of Okra Jassids (Amrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida) Regmi, Rajendra; Poudel, Sujata; Regmi, Ram Chandra; Shrestha, Jiban
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 3 No. 2 (2020): InJAR, Vol. 3, No. 2, July 2020
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v3i2.3919

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Moench) is one of the most important vegetable crops grown in Nepal. The crop is susceptible to various insect pests of which jassids (Amrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida.) is most predominant which reduces production and deteriorates seed quality of okra. A field study was conducted at Horticulture Farm, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal to elucidate the effect of sowing date and nitrogen levels on the population and damage of jassids from April to September 2018. Three levels of nitrogen (100, 200 and 300 kg N ha-1) and five sowing dates (8th April, 20th April, 2nd May, 14th May and 26th May, 2018) were evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replications. Results indicated that the highest damage score was recorded in okra which was sown on 8th April (2.39) followed by 20th April (2.31) and 2nd May (1.26). The highest damage score of jassids was obtained with the use of nitrogen at the rate of 200 kg ha-1 (1.94) followed by 300 kg/ha (1.72) and 100 kg ha-1 (1.54). Mean population of jassids was maximum with okra sown on 20th April (29.91) and minimum with okra sown on 26th May (6.95). This study showed that late planting i.e. 26th May and applying low level of nitrogen i.e. 100 kg N ha- 1is an effective approach for reducing the jassids population and its damage in okra.

Farmersâ€™ Perception about Major Insect Pests of Cucurbits and Their Management Tripathi, Subina; Shah, Kabita Kumari; Tiwari, Injila; Shrestha, Jiban
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 3 No. 3 (2020): InJAR, Vol. 3, No. 3, November 2020
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v3i3.4414

A survey was undertaken in five Village Development Committees (VDCs) of Lamjung District, Nepal from June to August 2018 to investigate major insect pests and their management practices in cucurbits. A total of ninety-five cucurbit growers were selected and interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. The study revealed that the major insect pests attacking cucurbits were fruit fly, red pumpkin beetle, aphid, whitefly, epilachna beetle, cucurbit sting bug, cutworm, and blister beetle. The majority of farmers responded that fruit fly was the most prevalent insect pest, followed by aphid and red pumpkin beetle. Most of the farmers used chemical methods, that includes biological, mechanical, and cultural techniques to control the insects. For the mechanical method, they used sex-pheromone traps i.e. cue-lure. Among botanical pesticides, Neem (Azadirachta indica), Malabar Nut (Justicia adhatoda), Chinaberry (Melia azedarch), Mugwort (ArtemisiaÂ spp.) were used. Commonly used insecticides by farmers were Cypermethrin, Dimethoate, Malathion, and Endosulfan. The indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides resulted in pest resistance, resurgence, and sometimes outbreak of insect pests. Majority of farmers were using chemical methods to control pests. Apart from this, Integrated Pest Management (IPM) was also adopted for good agricultural practices (GAP) to prevent chemical hazards on human health and the environment. To control insect pests, trained farmers should be encouraged to follow the sanitation of fields and protection of natural enemies by avoiding the use of pesticides a long as possible.

In Vitro Evaluation of Fungicides against Fusarium solani, the Causative Agent of Brinjal Root Rot Ghimire, Rukmita; Shrestha, Ram Kumar; Shrestha, Jiban
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 4 No. 3 (2021): InJAR, Vol. 4, No. 3, November 2021
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v4i3.6275

Root rot in brinjal is one of the most important problems. In the present research, five different fungicides; Mancozeb, Copper oxychloride, Hexaconazole, Metalaxyl+Mancozeb, and Carbendazim, at 100 ppm were evaluated for their efficacy against the causative agent of this disease, Fusarium solani, In-vitro. The experiment was carried out in Completely Randomized Design with seven replications. Our result shows the difference in the efficacy of all tested fungicide against this pathogen. The application of Carbendazim at 100 ppm gave the highest inhibition of mycelium growth (100%) followed by Mancozeb (85.08%) and Metalaxyl+Mancozeb (64.3%) (at the same dose) on the 7th day of incubation suggesting Carbendazim (100 ppm) as a better one to use for the management of F. solani.

Use of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) as a biopesticide in agriculture: A review bhandari, sudip; Adhikari, Kripa; Niraula, Dikshya; Shrestha, Jiban
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 1 No 2 (2020): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) is a member of Meliaceae family, a fast-growing tropical evergreen plant whose products were found effective against economically important insect pests and diseases. All parts of this plant particularly leaf, bark, and root extracts have the biopesticidal activities. Azadirachtin, a biopesticide obtained from neem extract, can be used for con-trolling various insect pests in agriculture. It acts on insects by repelling them, by inhibiting feeding, and by disrupting their growth, and reproduction. Neem-based formulations do not usually kill insects directly, but they can alter their behavior in significant ways to reduce pest damage to crops and reduce their reproductive potential. The neem is considered as an eas-ily accessible, eco-friendly, biodegradable, cheap, and non-toxic biopesticide which control the target pests. Thus, this re-view highlighted the extract, byproducts and roles of neem that can be used as potential biopesticide in agriculture.

Use of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) as a biopesticide in agriculture: A review bhandari, sudip; Adhikari, Kripa; Niraula, Dikshya; Shrestha, Jiban
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 1 No 2 (2020): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.01.02.08

Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) is a member of Meliaceae family, a fast-growing tropical evergreen plant whose products were found effective against economically important insect pests and diseases. All parts of this plant particularly leaf, bark, and root extracts have the biopesticidal activities. Azadirachtin, a biopesticide obtained from neem extract, can be used for con-trolling various insect pests in agriculture. It acts on insects by repelling them, by inhibiting feeding, and by disrupting their growth, and reproduction. Neem-based formulations do not usually kill insects directly, but they can alter their behavior in significant ways to reduce pest damage to crops and reduce their reproductive potential. The neem is considered as an eas-ily accessible, eco-friendly, biodegradable, cheap, and non-toxic biopesticide which control the target pests. Thus, this re-view highlighted the extract, byproducts and roles of neem that can be used as potential biopesticide in agriculture.

ASSESSING THE WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF WETLANDS AT JAGDISPUR RESERVOIR IN KAPILVASTU DISTRICT OF NEPAL Gyawali, Rama; Sharma, Gyan Bandhu; Shrestha, Jiban
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Association of Indonesian Forestry and Environment Researchers and Technicians

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59465/ijfr.2024.11.1.127-138

Wetlands are one of the world's most productive ecosystems. They have significant ecological, economic, cultural, and recreational significance. However, wetlands are being misused and degraded; therefore, wise and sustainable use of wetlands, conservation and management of wetlands resources are critical at the local level. Community-based conservation is a method of managing wetlands near settlements sustainably. The objective of this study was to determine local people's willingness to pay (WTP) for community-based conservation and management activities, as well as the factors which influence it, at the Jagdispur Reservoir in Nepal's Kapilvastu district. A total of 62 households were surveyed. Household surveys and key informant interviews were conducted. Contingent valuation was used to elicit WTP, while regression analysis identified significant determinants. Thirteen provisioning, regulating, cultural and supporting services were identified, including irrigation, fisheries, tourism and biodiversity. Of 62 households, 67% expressed WTP averaging NRs 3,351 (US $ 25.38) annually. WTP was higher for proximal households, reflecting greater dependence. Cash payments dominated, but labor contributions were also substantial. Age, income, participation in conservation, and distance from wetlands positively and significantly influenced WTP. Whereas education, gender, ethnicity and number of family members did not. The findings indicate a high value placed on sustaining wetland services, justifying investment in conservation and wise use. Follow-up research on governance, benefit sharing and sustainable financing is recommended to translate WTP into effective action. Overall, the results provide important baseline data to guide policies and collective action for wetland stewardship.

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