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All Journal Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research
Wicaksono, Imam A.
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Medicine & Pharmacology

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Evaluation of Antibiotic Use in Pediatric Inpatients at one of Bandung Regional Hospitals in August 2023 Maharani, Putri; Wicaksono, Imam A.; Puspita, Falerina; Zainudin, Hijrah M.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i1.52984

Abstract

Infectious diseases are a major concern in the field of health, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. Children are vulnerable to infections because their immune systems are not fully developed. Proper management is necessary for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in pediatric patients. Antibiotics are the primary choice for addressing bacterial infections. However, the increased use of antibiotic can contribute to high levels of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), rendering infection treatment ineffective. The evaluation of antibiotic use can be conducted through the ATC/DDD method, which focuses on the quantity and types of antibiotics used. Although this method provides a quantitative overview, a qualitative approach using the Gyssens method and interviews with relevant parties is necessary for a more in-depth understanding of the rationality of antibiotic use. This study aims to comprehend the patterns of antibiotic use in pediatric inpatients at one of Bandung Regional Hospitals during August 2023. Using a retrospective observational approach, data were collected and processed using the ATC/DDD method. The evaluation results show that cephalosporins is the most commonly used antibiotic group, with cefotaxime being the dominant antibiotic administered intravenously. Quantitative evaluation indicates variations in DDD/100 patient days among different antibiotics, with ciprofloxacin having the highest value and amikacin the lowest. For a comprehensive understanding, qualitative research using the Gyssens method and interviews is necessary to strengthen the evaluation results of antibiotic use. Ultimately, this study provides a thorough perspective on antibiotic use in pediatric inpatients, supporting efforts to control antimicrobial resistance and promote more judicious antibiotic selection.
Adverse Events of Bedaquiline Drug Use in the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) Patients: A Review Artcile Nihlah, Nabilah A.; Almattin, Bilqis N.; Wicaksono, Imam A.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i1.52762

Abstract

Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) is any unfavorable and unexpected drug response in patients dosed for prevention, diagnosis, or therapy. Tuberculosis is a contagious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Multi-drug resistance Tuberculosis (MDR TB) is caused by bacteria that are resistant to the two most powerful first-line anti-TB drugs - isoniazid and rifampicin; cases of resistance to both drugs result in worse treatment outcomes, longer treatment duration, high costs, and various other complications. All medications used to treat MDR TB patients have the potential to cause mild, moderate, and severe side effects, especially Bedaquiline. This article will explain information on drug side effects that occur in patients treated with MDR TB and Bedaquiline. The data was collected and discussed from primary journals through Google Scholar and PubMed online databases. Bedaquiline has the potential to cause side effects such as QT interval prolongation or irregular heart rhythm, cardiac arrhythmia, gastrointestinal disorders, joint and muscle pain, hearing loss, acne, and chest pain. Therefore, treatment of MDR TB with Bedaquiline requires monitoring to ensure patient compliance and early detection of possible side effects to ensure the safety and effectiveness of treatment. 
Co-Authors Almattin, Bilqis N. Nihlah, Nabilah A. Puspita, Falerina Putri Maharani Zainudin, Hijrah M.