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All Journal Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia El-Hayah : Jurnal Biologi Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia
Triasih, Unun
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology

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IDENTIFICATION OF VESICULAR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA (VAM) FROM SOIL AND ITS POTENCY IN REDUCING DISEASE DEVELOPMENT (Phytophthora sp.) ON 5 CITRUS ROOTSTOCK Dwiastuti, Mutia Erti; Widyaningsih, Sri; Wicaksono, Rudi Cahyo; Agustina, Dina; Triasih, Unun
El-Hayah : Jurnal Biologi Vol 7, No 2 (2019): EL-HAYAH (VOL 7, NO 2 Maret 2019)
Publisher : Department of Biology Science and Technology Faculty UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/elha.v7i2.8426

Abstract

Phytophthora spp. is one of the fungal pathogens that kills plants on several kinds of the citrus rootstock. In other countries, it is reported that disease pathogens were reduced in roots containing Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM interaction). However, in Indonesia, there is less information about the effect of VAM on the roots of citrus plants against root disease caused by Phytophthora sp. This study aimed to identify VAM in citrus roots and study the potential of VAM in controlling root rot of Phytophthora sp. on five types of the citrus rootstock. The research was carried out at the Phytopathology Laboratory, Indonesian Citrus, and Subtropical Fruits Research Institute (ICSFRI). Phytophthora spp. and VAM samples originated from several citrus centers endemic to Phytophthora were collected. VAM was isolated from the rhizosphere area of citrus plants, while Phytophthora sp. was isolated from infected plant roots. The fungus isolates were isolated, purified, then identified through references. The test of the potential of VAM in increasing resistance of root diseases caused by Phytophthora sp. was performed at the screen house in ICSFRI. The results of the study showed that VAM was identified in 39 gardens in 6 districts from samples collected in 49 yards in 10 regions of citrus centers. The dominant VAM genus is Glomus sp. with the highest density of spores was originated from Ponorogo area. The results of the identification of Phytophthora morphologically showed a diversity of Phytophthora, namely P. parasitica, P. palmivora, and P. citrophthora. The test of the potential of VAM in increasing plant resistance to Phytophthora results showed that Kanci, JC, RL, and Volkameriana varieties inoculated with Phytophthora sp. and Glomus sp. have higher plant height than healthy plants.
Characterization of Soil Rhizospheric Fungi on Citrus Plantation and Their Potential to Inhibiting the Growth of Botryodiplodia theobromae and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Triasih, Unun; Wuryantini, Susi; Agustina, Dina
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 18 No 5 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.18.5.205-212

Abstract

Tanah rizosfer di sekitar akar tanaman jeruk mempunyai mikroorganisme salah satunya ialah cendawan. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengidentifikasi cendawan rizosfer kebun jeruk siam pontianak organik serta potensinya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan cendawan patogen Botryodiplodia theobromae dan Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Karakterisasi cendawan dilakukan dengan mengevaluasi pertumbuhannya pada suhu, kelembapan, dan tingkat pH yang berbeda, selanjutnya dilakukan uji antagonis terhadap C. gloeosporioides dan B. theobromae. Cendawan yang diperoleh dari rizosfer pertanian organik jeruk siam pontianak ialah Fusarium sp., Fusidium sp., Penicillium sp., dan Trichoderma sp. Seluruh cendawan rizosfer tumbuh optimal pada pH 4.5–5.5, suhu 20–30 ℃, dan kelembapan 60–80%. Cendawan Penicillium sp. mempunyai kemampuan tertinggi menghambat per-tumbuhan C. gloeosporioides (83.66%), sedangkan Trichoderma sp. mampu menghambat pertumbuhan patogen B. theobromae optimal (92.04%). Studi lebih lanjut diperlukan sebelum pengaplikasian isolat cendawan yang diperoleh sebagai agens biokontrol C. gloeosporioides and B. theobromae.
Antifungal and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of Kaffir Citrus Fruit Peel Extract Against Important Pathogens of Citrus Plants Triasih, Unun; Ikarini, Imro’ah; Widyaningsih, Sri; Wicaksono, Rudi Cahyo
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 19 No 6 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.6.246-252

Abstract

Penyakit utama tanaman jeruk yang disebabkan oleh cendawan dan bakteri dapat menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman sehingga berdampak terhadap penurunan produksi tanaman. Pengendalian yang diterapkan selama ini kebanyakan menggunakan pestisida kimia sintetis yang berpotensi memberi dampak negatif pada lingkungan dan kesehatan. Minyak atsiri dari kulit buah jeruk purut (Citrus hystric) mempunyai kandungan senyawa yang berpotensi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan patogen pada tanaman jeruk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aktivitas antifungal dan antibakteri minyak atsiri kulit buah jeruk purut pada lima konsentrasi 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, dan 5% terhadap patogen tanaman jeruk, yaitu Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, dan Xanthomonas axonopodis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua konsentrasi minyak atsiri yang diujikan mempunyai daya hambat kategori rendah terhadap F. oxysporum, dan kategori sedang terhadap C. gloeosporioides. Pengujian terhadap X. axonopodis menunjukkan daya hambat kategori kuat untuk konsentrasi 3% dan 5%. Minyak atsiri kulit buah jeruk purut berpotensi sebagai antifungal dan antibakteri pada tanaman jeruk dan dapat digunakan sebagai teknologi alternatif pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan dan aman.
Penerapan prosedur operasional standar budi daya tanaman jeruk ramah lingkungan untuk menekan infestasi kutu perisai merah Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae): Implementation of environmentally friendly standard operational procedures for citrus plant cultivation to suppress infestation of red scale Aondiella aurantii (Maskell) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) Wicaksono, Rudi Cahyo; Endarto, Otto; Istianto, Mizu; Budiarto, Kurniawan; Tarigan, Rasiska; Triasih, Unun; Wuryantini, Susi
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 21 No 2 (2024): In Progress
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.21.2.93

Abstract

Citrus is a popular horticultural crop planted in different areas in Indonesia. The needs for fruits increases every year, yet production cannot fulfill market demand. One of the contraints are the red scale pest attacks Aonidiella aurantii (Maskel). The implemeintation of standard operating procedure (SOP) in citrus cultural practices is expected to have effects on the population and intensity of red scale attacks. The research was carried out from January to August 2020 on farmer's orchards located at the center of citrus production in Batu, East Java, Indonesia. This experimental study used the research design theory method. The plots were devided into 2 conditions; first, the plots applied SOP, such as regular pruning, sanitation, and organic fertilizer application. While, the second was the conventional plots representing the common farmer maintenance, farmer of not pruning and cleaning weeds throughout the garden, and using NKP inorganic fertilizer. Every evaluated plot covered 1,500 m2, and 10 plants were systematically sampled from every plot. The parameters included numbers of attacked fruits, the abundance of natural enemies and attack intensity of A. aurantii that were taken from the cardinal directions. The results of the study showed that the implementation of SOP was able to significantly reduce population density and intensity of A. aurantii pest attacks and was able to increase the abundance of natural enemies and the quality of citrus fruit when compared to conventional citrus cultivation methods.
Co-Authors Dina Agustina, Dina Ikarini, Imro’ah Kurniawan Budiarto Mizu Istianto Mutia Erti DWIASTUTI Otto Endarto Rasiska Tarigan Sri Widyaningsih Susi Wuryantini, Susi wicaksono, rudi cahyo