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All Journal Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Cendikia : Media Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan TIJARAH: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, dan Bisnis Syariah
Subekan, Achmat
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Religion Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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DEMOCRACY AND GROWTH NEXUS IN INDONESIA Iskandar, Azwar; Subekan, Achmat
Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol 20, No 2 (2019): JEP 2019
Publisher : Muhammadiyah University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jep.v20i2.7581

Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyze the causality between democracy and economic growth in Indonesia for the period of 1995 to 2017. More specifically, this paper  also attends to investigate the existence of a long-run relationship between them. This study perform a multivariate cointegration test with political stability as a control variable and cross-check this long-run relationship with an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model approach to cointegration. This study also use the Granger causality test within a vector error correction model (VECM) framework and estimate three different models using a non-linear specification: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimation, Fully Modified OLS (FM-OLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS). The results show cointegration among the variables specified in the model when political stability is taken into account. Indeed, for economic growth and democracy to move together in the long run, they need to be associated with political stability. The tests for Granger causality conducted show a long-run causality running from GDP and political stability to democracy. In other word, the economic growth and political stability Granger cause democracy. It is the economic performance that influences democracy and not the reverse. In short-run, there is neutrality causation between democracy and growth, democracy and political stability, growth and political stability. These results suggest that economic growth through strong institutions is a precondition for democratization.
Reviewing the Management of Third Party Rights Calculation of Employee by the Ministry of Finance Widodo, Rudy; Subekan, Achmat
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Vol 5, No 1 (2022): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute February
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v5i1.3931

Abstract

This study aims to investigate and investigate the efficiency and effectiveness of the Ministry of Finance's management of Employee Third Party Calculation (PFK) funds. This study is also aimed at obtaining alternative models for managing the Employee PFK fund in order to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of its management. This research is motivated by the times and changes in regulations in various ways. The method used in this research is a qualitative method which is expected to be able to answer the why and how of the research object. Data were obtained through literature studies, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and data documentation from related parties. The data obtained were cross-checked and triangulated so that their validity was well maintained. Furthermore, the data is processed by grouping it according to the formulation of the research problem. While the analysis is carried out through logical thinking by looking for the relationship between data and information in order to obtain the effectiveness and efficiency of the object of research. The results of the study indicate that the management of the Employee PFK fund by the Ministry of Finance is carried out effectively and efficiently according to the size of the current legislation. All employee PFK funds can be distributed in their entirety to the beneficiary parties. The Ministry of Finance also does not spend large funds to carry out its management when compared to the amount of PFK Employees managed. However, the current Employee PFK management model still saves an opportunity cost for the Ministry of Finance and an opportunity loss for the beneficiary party. In addition, the current management model does not encourage the independence of the beneficiary parties in managing PFK Employee funds and continues to depend on the Ministry of Finance.
Early Learning Impact Analysis State Finance for Students' Concerns about State Budget Subekan, Achmat; Soderi, Soderi
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Vol 4, No 4 (2021): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute November
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v4i4.3436

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of learning state finance for school students and their attitude or concern for the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN). The theme of state finances, especially the state budget, is not one of the lessons taught to elementary school to high school students. The study was conducted on Junior High School (SMP) students who were participants in the activities of the Ministry of Finance of the State of One State which were organized by the Ministry of Finance online from June 25 to July 8, 2021. Participants were called SANI, an acronym for Satu Negeri. They come from various junior high schools throughout Indonesia. The analysis was conducted using a qualitative method based on the participants' responses to the questionnaire that was sent to them. Questionnaire questions in the form of closed and open questions. Research data were also obtained from several facilitators and observations during the activity. The results showed that the study of state finances (APBN) took place effectively. This effectiveness can be seen from the implementation which can take place well even though it is carried out online. Effectiveness can also be seen from the increase in participants' understanding of state finances (APBN). This effectiveness then has an impact on the attitudes of participants, marked by the emergence of their awareness and concern for the state budget. In the future, this concern will be very meaningful for the sustainability of the APBN both in terms of income and expenditure so that its management can be carried out in a sustainable manner.
The effect of learning motivation, facilities, and materials on understanding and attitude forming through online learning Subekan, Achmat; Azwar, Azwar
Cendikia : Media Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Vol 14 No 6 (2024): July: Education Science
Publisher : Institute of Computer Science (IOCS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/cendikia.v14i6.5293

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of learning motivation, learning facilities, and learning materials on students' understanding and attitudes through online learning. The research method used is quantitative with data processing using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that the independent variables in the form of motivation, learning facilities, and learning materials had an influence on the understanding variable with different levels. Motivation has a positive and significant effect on the emergence of understanding. Likewise, the learning material variable has a positive and significant effect on the understanding of the learner participants. Meanwhile, learning facilities do not have a significant effect on understanding. In the next stage, the understanding variable has a positive and significant influence on the formation of participants' attitudes. This is in accordance with the expected goal in the activities of the Ministry of Finance for One State, the emergence of a generation that has great concern for state finances in the future. Among the three independent variables studied, the learning material variable has the greatest influence on the formation of a good understanding and the emergence of a positive attitude towards state finances. This variable is able to give the greatest influence on the participants' understanding until it finally has an impact on their positive attitude towards state finances. This also shows that the learning materials provided in the activities of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia are appropriate, according to the needs of the participants so that they have the greatest influence on the understanding and formation of participants' attitudes.
Spiritualitas Islam dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan Negara: Islamic Spirituality in State Financial Management Subekan, Achmat; Azwar, Azwar
TIJARAH: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, dan Bisnis Syariah Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): TIJARAH: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, dan Bisnis Syariah
Publisher : Litera Academica Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Citizenship is a legal status connecting individuals to a country, encompassing rights, obligations, identity, and protection. This study evaluates the impact of citizenship status on economic access and socio-economic inequality in Indonesia, focusing on disparities in well-being and economic opportunities. The research employs a normative legal method with approaches including legislation, case studies, conceptual, historical, and comparative analyses. The results show that citizenship inequality creates significant gaps in income, quality of life, and access to services. Individuals with full citizenship have better access to jobs and education compared to those with limited citizenship or no citizenship. This study recommends more inclusive policy reforms to reduce inequality and improve access for individuals with limited citizenship. The findings aim to assist academics and policymakers in designing strategies to enhance community well-being.
Co-Authors Azwar Azwar Azwar, Azwar Soderi, Soderi Widodo, Rudy