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All Journal Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Indonesian Mining and Energy Journal
Abfertiawan, Muhammad Sonny
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Energy Engineering

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From Acidic Water to Neutralization Process: Unravelling the Efficacy and Stability of Alkaline Agents for Acid Mine Drainage Abfertiawan, Muhammad Sonny
Indonesian Mining and Energy Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): November
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertambangan Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25105/imej.v7i2.22625

Abstract

Acid mine drainage (AMD) arises as a major environmental challenge in the mining industry, resulting from the reaction of sulphide minerals with oxygen and water to produce sulfuric acid. Evaluating and optimizing AMD neutralization methods is crucial for mitigating its environmental impact. This study assessed the effectiveness and stability of alkaline agents for neutralization, comparing caustic soda and hydrated lime in bench-scale laboratory experiments. Jar tests were performed by rapid mixing at 120 rpm for one minute, followed by slow mixing at 60 rpm for 20 minutes. The experiments showed increased AMD's pH after contact with neutralizing agents. The optimal doses were 815 mg/L for caustic soda, 1200 mg/L for hydrated lime, and 800 mg/L for a combination of 18%w/w hydrated lime and 82%w/w caustic soda. The stability of the neutralization process, evaluated using pH as an indicator, varied in the following order: hydrated lime, combination, and caustic soda. Hydrated lime demonstrated better stability than caustic soda. Interestingly, caustic soda caused a more rapid pH change when reintroducing AMD. This study provides insights into effective alkaline agents for the mining industry.
Fractionation and mobility of nickel between water–sediment interface in a mining-impacted tropical river basin Farahnaz, Ibtisani; Syafila, Mindriany; Abfertiawan, Muhammad Sonny; Handajani, Marisa
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.10859

Abstract

Nickel mining in high?rainfall tropical regions produces metal?rich runoff that can substantially alter biogeochemical processes at the water–sediment interface. However, the mechanisms governing nickel partitioning into dissolved, particulate, and sedimentary geochemical fractions in tropical river systems remain insufficiently resolved. This study investigates the fractionation and mobility of Ni, Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu, and Zn in a mining?impacted river in North Maluku, Indonesia, by integrating dissolved–particulate metal separation in water with five?step sequential extraction in sediments. Most metals in sediments were predominantly bound to the residual (RES) fraction, reflecting strong lithogenic control and incorporation into mineral lattices. In contrast, the exchangeable (EXC) fraction—representing the most mobile geochemical phase—followed the order Ni > Zn > Cu > Cr > Mn > Fe, indicating higher potential mobility for nickel relative to other metals. River water showed elevated proportions of dissolved Ni compared to its particulate form, suggesting substantial anthropogenic contributions from mining?derived geochemical runoff. The contrasting dominance of residual?bound metals in sediments and dissolved metals in water highlights a dual?source system in which sedimentary metals are primarily geogenic, whereas dissolved metals are strongly influenced by mining effluents. These findings advance understanding of nickel behavior at the water–sediment interface in tropical rivers and provide a mechanistic basis for predicting metal mobility and ecological risks in mining?impacted environments.
Co-Authors Farahnaz, Ibtisani Marisa Handajani Mindriany Syafila