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The Effects of General Anesthesia on Infants and Children's Later Development: A Comprehensive Systematic Review Nugroho, Rio Kristian; Lestari, Sri
Journal of Language and Health Vol 5 No 1 (2024): Journal of Language and Health
Publisher : CV. Global Health Science Group

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/jlh.v5i1.3237

Abstract

The relationship between pediatric neurodevelopment and general anesthesia has been the subject of numerous investigations, yet consensus remains elusive. Objective: This review aims to explore the connection between anesthesia and child development. We conducted a thorough search of Google Scholar, PubMed, and ProQuest databases from January 2000 until March 2024, using relevant search terms such as “Adolescent,” “Anesthesia, General/ adverse effects,” “Child,” “Child Development / drug effects,” and “Preschool” resulted in 40 out of 1572 studies for reviewed. The review focused on assessing the impact of general anesthesia on children's development, excluding studies involving children with significant comorbidities or lacking unexposed controls. Two coders independently evaluated the studies, adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews criteria. Our analysis of 40 primary studies unveiled a broad spectrum of outcomes regarding the impact of general anesthesia on infants and children's subsequent development. Across cognitive domains, anesthesia altered academic achievements, IQ, and language proficiency. Sensory responses were diverse, with anesthesia affecting manual dexterity, balance, and sensory performance uniquely. Psychosocially, it influenced behavior, social skills, and neuropsychological disorders, while neurodevelopmental concerns were also identified. In summary, the effects of general anesthesia on various developmental domains underscore the need for cautious consideration in medical practice. This review revealed cognitive decline, diverse sensory impacts, and increased behavioral issues, anxiety, and neurodevelopmental disorders associated with general anesthesia. Understanding these effects is crucial for implementing effective prevention and management strategies to mitigate long-term complications.
OPTIMIZING BALANCE AND COORDINATION THROUGH INTEGRATED PHYSICAL EXERCISE IN PATIENTS FOLLOWING FRACTURE SURGERY Nugroho, Rio Kristian; Hasnah, Kholifah
Jurnal Kesehatan Kusuma Husada Vol. 16 No. 2, Juli 2025
Publisher : Universitas Kusuma Husada Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34035/jk.v16i2.1793

Abstract

Background: The high incidence of traffic accidents has led to a significant increase in fractures, particularly of the lower extremities, many of which require treatment through Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) procedures. Post-ORIF patients commonly experience pain and fear in performing daily activities, including impaired balance and coordination. To address this condition, a structured and progressive integrated physical exercise intervention is necessary. This study aims to evaluate the impact of an integrated intervention that combines physical activity, pain management, and enhancement of fall efficacy on the functional status of patients recovering from lower extremity fracture surgery using the Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) procedure.Methods: The study was conducted using a pre-experimental design with a single-group pretest-posttest approach to 53 post-ORIF patients with lower extremity fractures treated in the inpatient ward of Sragen Regional General Hospital, Surakarta. Instruments used included the Barthel Index to assess functional status, the Fall Efficacy Scale, and a clinical observation sheet to evaluate physical ability. Data were analysed using the Wilcoxon test.Results: Data showed an improvement in balance function, coordination, and overall functional status in post-ORIF patients with lower extremity fractures after receiving the integrated activity training intervention. The Wilcoxon test showed a p-value of 0.001, indicating a statistically significant effect.Conclusion: The study demonstrates that an integrated physical exercise program combined with pain management and fall efficacy enhancement has a significant impact on improving balance, coordination, and functional status in patients recovering from fractures.
OPTIMIZING BALANCE AND COORDINATION THROUGH INTEGRATED PHYSICAL EXERCISE IN PATIENTS FOLLOWING FRACTURE SURGERY Nugroho, Rio Kristian; Hasnah, Kholifah
Jurnal Kesehatan Kusuma Husada Vol. 16 No. 2, Juli 2025
Publisher : Universitas Kusuma Husada Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34035/jk.v16i2.1793

Abstract

Background: The high incidence of traffic accidents has led to a significant increase in fractures, particularly of the lower extremities, many of which require treatment through Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) procedures. Post-ORIF patients commonly experience pain and fear in performing daily activities, including impaired balance and coordination. To address this condition, a structured and progressive integrated physical exercise intervention is necessary. This study aims to evaluate the impact of an integrated intervention that combines physical activity, pain management, and enhancement of fall efficacy on the functional status of patients recovering from lower extremity fracture surgery using the Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) procedure.Methods: The study was conducted using a pre-experimental design with a single-group pretest-posttest approach to 53 post-ORIF patients with lower extremity fractures treated in the inpatient ward of Sragen Regional General Hospital, Surakarta. Instruments used included the Barthel Index to assess functional status, the Fall Efficacy Scale, and a clinical observation sheet to evaluate physical ability. Data were analysed using the Wilcoxon test.Results: Data showed an improvement in balance function, coordination, and overall functional status in post-ORIF patients with lower extremity fractures after receiving the integrated activity training intervention. The Wilcoxon test showed a p-value of 0.001, indicating a statistically significant effect.Conclusion: The study demonstrates that an integrated physical exercise program combined with pain management and fall efficacy enhancement has a significant impact on improving balance, coordination, and functional status in patients recovering from fractures.