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Soulayman, Soulayman
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Chemistry Energy

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Optimal Parameters Synthesis of Biodiesel From Frying Oils Wastes Soulayman, Soulayman; Dayoub, Ola
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 8, No 1 (2019): February 2019
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.8.1.33-39

Abstract

This study is devoted to produce biodiesel from recycled wastes frying oils (WFO) using commercial grade chemicals in an attempt to help reducing the cost of biodiesel and pollution coming from WFO. The base – catalyzed transesterification method was applied. The variables affecting the yield and characteristics of the biodiesel produced from WFO were studied. Sodium hydroxide is used as catalyst. Different reaction times, different methanol/WFO volume ratios and different catalyst/WFO weight ratios were used with purpose of achieving the best conditions for biodiesel production A series of experiments were carried out, using methanol/WFO volume ratios from 10% to 30% and catalyst/WFO weight ratio from 0.2% to 0.8%. It was found that in treating WFO which contains 0.12% of water by weight and having an acid value of 0.52 mg of KOH/g of oil, and an iodine value 130.42 gI/100 g of oil, no need in acidic pretreatment.  Moreover, it was found that, for WFO with an acidic value of 0.52 mg KOH/gWFOs, results show that a methanol/WFO volume ratio of 13% and a catalyst/WFO weight ratio of 0.4% give the highest yield of methyl esters.  A pilot production unit of 400l/day of production capacity was designed and constructed on the basis of laboratory experiments and the process was verified on the pilot scale.©2019. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reservedArticle History: Received October 18th 2017; Received in revised form May 17th 2018; Accepted December 8th 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Soulayman, S. and Ola, D. (2019) Synthesis Parameters of Biodiesel From Frying Oils Wastes. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 8(1), 33-39.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.8.1.33-39
Water/Heavy Fuel Oil Emulsion Production, Characterization and Combustion Alaa, Moalla; Soulayman, Soulayman; Abdelkarim, Taan; Walid, Zgheib
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 10, No 3 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2021.34873

Abstract

In order to produce a water/heavy fuel oil emulsion (W/HFO) with different water contents to cover the daily needs of a fire tube boiler or a water tube boiler, a special homogenizer is designed, constructed and tested. The produced emulsion is characterized and compared with the pure HFO properties. It is found experimentally in fire tube boiler that, the use of W/HFO emulsion with 8% of water content (W0.08/HFO0.92) instead of HFO leads to a saving rate of 13.56% in HFO. For explaining the obtained energy saving the term “equivalent heat value (EHV) of the W/HFO emulsions”, defined as the ratio of the W/HFO emulsion net calorific value to the HFO content in the emulsion, is used. Based on direct measurements, provided in this work, it was found that the equivalent heat value (EHV) increases with the water content in the water/heavy fuel oil (W/HFO). It reaches 1.06 times of HFO net calorific value at water content of 22.24%. The obtained, in the present work, experimental results demonstrate the dependence of the emulsion EHV on its water content. These results are in agreement with the results of other authors. Therefore, the contribution of water droplets in the emulsion combustion is verified. It is found experimentally that, the emitted CO, SO2  and H2S gases from the fire tube boiler chimney decreases by 5.66%. 3.99% and 48.77% respectively in the case of (W0.08/HFO0.92) emulsion use instead of HFO.
Extracted Pomace Olive Oil Use for the Preparation of Starch Graft Copolymer Dayoub, Ola; Karam, Sami; Alkjk, Saeed; Soulayman, Soulayman
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 11, No 2 (2022): May 2022
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2022.45107

Abstract

In this work, the relevant parameters of a pomace olive oil consecutive solvent extraction method using ethanol, and petroleum ether are investigated from dry and wet pomace samples. It is found that, oil extraction from dry samples with petroleum ether showed a high yield (11.72±0.30%) with solvent recovery of 89%, while extraction yield with ethanol is (11.1±0.60%) with solvent recovery of 90%. Moreover, it is found that the oil extraction from wet samples with ethanol is possible but the economic feasibility is not proven as the solvent recovery is of 62%. On the other hand, the possibility of hydrolysis of the crude extracted pomace oil in alkaline medium is demonstrated in this work. In this context, the starch grafting of the obtained long chain mono-fatty acids was accomplished in the presence of Fenton's reagent in a Dimethyl formamide (DMFA)/Water solution. Sonication is used for reaction mixture homogeny and the biopolymer was obtained using domestic microwave heating. After characterizing the obtained grafting polymer, it was employed to prepare a composite material with polyvinyl alcohol. The prepared PVA composite film of grafted starch (PVA/gSt) has tensile strength of (5.84 MPa) while its elongation modulus increased by 123.6%. Moreover, it was observed, in this work, that (PVA/gSt) copolymerization increases both the crystalline structure and the morphological order. This result is contrary to the available literature related to copolymerization of starch with different mono acids. It is found that, the consecutive solvent extraction method is of promising aspect from technical and economic point of view and the grafted starch compatibility with other polymers may be improved. The PVA/gSt films could be applied as packaging films.
Co-Authors Abdelkarim, Taan Alaa, Moalla Alkjk, Saeed Dayoub, Ola Karam, Sami Walid, Zgheib