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Variability of soil chemical properties and rice productivity in salt-affected soil in the north coastal rice field of Central Java, Indonesia Kartikawati, Rina; Kurniasih, Budiastuti; Putra, Eka Tarwaca Susila; Hanudin, Eko
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2024.121.6605

Abstract

A coastal rice field is generally characterized by salt-affected soil and low soil quality for rice cultivation. Identifying soil chemical properties in these areas is necessary to determine soil management options for rice production. Therefore, soil samples were collected from 33 sampling points in the Wedung Sub-district of Demak Regency in the late dry season of 2021 to evaluate the variation among soil chemical characteristics in a coastline rice field. Soil samples were obtained beneath the topsoil (0-20 cm soil depth) and observed for electrical conductivity, exchangeable potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, and cation exchange capacity. Soils in the research field were categorized as slightly salty (0.75-2 dS m-1) to lightly salty (2.0-4.0 dS m-1) with very high sodium (>2 cmol(+) kg-1). Exchangeable potassium was dominated by moderate (0.3-0.7 cmol(+) kg-1) and low categories (0.2-0.3 cmol(+) kg-1). Based on soil calcium-to-magnesium ratios, around 6% of all samples were classified as calcium-deficient. The range of soil cation exchange capacity was 22-30 cmol(+) kg-1 and classified as high soil cation exchange capacity. Rice productivity in the salt-affected soil was around 4 t ha-1. Strategies for soil and controlling plants, such as soil amelioration and salt-tolerant rice cultivars, should be pursued to support plant growth and enhance rice productivity in the salt-affected soil, particularly in the coastal area.
Seasonal methane emissions and agronomic performance of Indonesia’s high-yielding rice cultivars on the north coastal rice fields of Central Java, Indonesia Kartikawati, Rina; Kurniasih, Budiastuti; Putra, Eka Tarwaca Susila; Hanudin, Eko; Arunrat, Noppol
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 21, No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v21i2.88174

Abstract

Rice contributes significantly to methane emissions. In the north coastal region of Central Java Island, flooding irrigation for high-yielding rice cultivation is used throughout the rice-producing season to reduce the salinity effect. Information on methane emissions in coastal rice fields, particularly in salt-affected soil, is still limited. This study aimed to measure the methane emissions from different high-yielding rice varieties and examine the association with agronomic performance. The study site was in the Wedung district of Demak Regency, Central Java, and the research was carried out from November 2022 to March 2023. Eight rice cultivars—Ciherang, Inpari 32, Inpari 34, Inpari 35, Biosalin 1, Biosalin 2, Inpari Unsoed 79, and Inpari 30—were investigated. The experiment was designed as a randomized block with four replications. Methane gas samples were collected during the growing season in relation to rice stages. There were substantial differences in methane emissions among the eight rice varieties. Inpari 32, Ciherang, and Biosalin 1 had higher rice yields and lower yield-scale methane emissions than the other five rice varieties. Grain production and effective tiller number were significantly (p<0.01) and inversely linked to methane emissions. We found Inpari 32, Ciherang, and Biosalin 1 to be low-methane and high-yielding rice cultivars in salt-affected soil. These findings suggest that the use of these rice varieties by coastal farmers could help mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.