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Accuracy of Centor scoring system in diagnosing group a-beta haemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) infection Poerbonegoro, Niken Lestari; Hanrahan, Joanna Erin; Amelia, Indira; Akbar, Viharsyah Aulia; Djohan, Raditya Putra; Mayangsari, Ika Dwi; Widodo, Dini Widiarni
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 52 No. 1 (2022): VOLUME 52, NO. 1 JANUARY - JUNE 2022
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v52i1.430

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: At present, the standard examination for diagnosing streptococcal upper respiratory tract infection is throat culture. As throat culture is time-consuming and relatively expensive, efforts are made to develop certain criteria that will still lead to proper diagnosis and rational use of antibiotics, that is Centor score. Even so, the accuracy of Centor score is still debatable. Purpose: To provide evidence on the accuracy of Centor scoring system compared to throat culture in diagnosing GABHS upper respiratory tract infection. Case Report: A 25-years old male came to primary health care with primary complain of sore throat. Centor score was used to diagnose GABHS infection and as a guide to give antibiotics. Clinical question: “In patients with sore throat, how accurate is the Centor score compared to throat culture in diagnosing Group A Beta-Haemolytic Streptococcal (GABHS) Infection?” Methods: Literature searching was conducted through 4 databases. Critical appraisal based on the Centre of Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM)-University of Oxford University, Diagnostic Critical Appraisal Sheet and Systematic Review Sheet. Results: All the selected studies were considered valid. They revealed a high specificity, low sensitivity, high negative predictive value (NPV), and low positive predictive value (PPV) in the importance aspect assessment. The Centor scoring system was applicable to our patient. It was available, affordable, and accurate in adult patients, yet less accurate in children. Conclusion: In conclusion,Patient with sore throat and suspicion of GABHS infection could be diagnosed with Centor scoring system as the first line diagnosis in primary care and as a guide to whether to give giving antibiotics or not.ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Saat ini, kultur tenggorok merupakan pemeriksaan baku emas yang digunakan untukmendiagnosis infeksi saluran napas atas yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Streptococcus. Namun, kulturtenggorok merupakan pemeriksaan yang mahal dan hasilnya memakan waktu yang lama, sehinggaberbagai kriteria dikeluarkan untuk dapat dipakai sebagai alat diagnostik dan sebagai panduanpenggunaan antibiotik yang rasional pada kasus infeksi saluran napas atas. Salah satunya yaitu Centorscore, tetapi akurasinya masih kontroversial. Tujuan: Menyediakan laporan kasus berbasis buktiterhadap akurasi dari Centor score sebagai alat diagnostik infeksi saluran napas atas yang disebabkanoleh bakteri Streptococcus dibandingkan dengan pemeriksaan kultur tenggorok. Laporan kasus: Seorang laki-laki berusia 25 tahun datang ke fasilitas kesehatan tingkat pertama dengan keluhan utama nyeri tenggorokan. Centor score digunakan untuk mendiagnosis pasien ini dan sebagai panduan pemberian antibiotik. Pertanyaan klinis: Pada pasien dengan radang tenggorok,seberapa akurat Centor score dibandingkan dengan kultur tenggorok dalam diagnosis GABHS? Metode: Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui 4 database dan telaah kritis literatur menggunakan tilikan dari CEBM, University of Oxford University. Hasil: Seluruh studi yang ditelaah valid. Seluruh studi menunjukkan spesifisitas dan negative predictive value (NPV) yang tinggi, serta sensitivitas dan positive predictive value (PPV) yang rendah. Centor score dapat diaplikasikan untuk pasien pada skenario klinis karena bersifat mudah digunakan, biaya yang dikeluarkan terjangkau, dan akurat khususnya pada pasien dewasa. Kesimpulan: Pasien dengan nyeri tenggorok yang dicurigai memiliki infeksi saluran napas atas yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Streptococcus dapat ditegakkan diagnosisnya melalui penilaian Centor score di fasilitas layanan tingkat pertama, serta dapat menjadi panduan dalam pemberian antibiotik.
Efektivitas Terapi Penghambat Pompa Proton pada Anak dengan Otitis Media Kronik: Sebuah Laporan Kasus Berbasis Bukti Hanrahan, Joanna Erin; Calista, Nabilla; Ardiantara, Sabda; Restuti, Ratna Dwi; Irawati, Nina; Rachmawati, Elvie Zulka Kautzia
Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 73 No 6 (2023): Journal of The Indonesian Medical Association - Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia, Vo
Publisher : PENGURUS BESAR IKATAN DOKTER INDONESIA (PB IDI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47830/jinma-vol.73.6-2024-870

Abstract

Introduction: In Indonesia, 82% of children with otitis media have experienced chronic otitis media (COM). COM has a high recurrency rate and is multifactorial, one of which is caused by acid reflux. Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy has been used to treat acid reflux and gives excellent result. Purpose: Reporting one case of a child with COM and laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) who received PPI therapy. An evidence-based literature review was done to evaluate the effectiveness of PPI therapy in patient with COM and LPR.Methods: Literature searching was done through 3 databases. Critical appraisal based on the Oxford Center for Evidence Based Medicine Checklists 2011.Results: After we sorted out duplications and screened articles according to our inclusion and exclusion criteria, we retrieved one article. This article is valid and applicable, yet PPI therapy did not give significant clinical improvement because of some reasons.Conclusion: From the literature review, PPI therapy on patient with COM did not give significant clinical improvement such as to stop middle ear discharge, yet in our case, PPI therapy could produce a clinical improvement and in line with previous experimental studies. Therefore, PPI therapy could still be considered given in children with COM.