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Morphological and Molecular Diversity of Five Superior Napier Grass Cultivars in Indonesia Nasution, M. D. M.; Umami, N.; Kurniawati, A.; Rahman, M. M.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 1 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.1.8

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the morphological and genetic diversity among five cultivars of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) grown in Indonesia: ‘Gama Umami’, ‘Pakchong’, ‘Odot’, ‘Purple’, and ‘Local’. A total of 20 plants per cultivar were planted in a completely randomized design with morphological parameters, nutrient content, biomass production, and molecular analysis assessed at a cutting age of 90 days. The morphological analysis revealed significant differences (p<0.05) in plant height, leaf length, and the number of tillers across the cultivars. Qualitative analysis revealed differences in leaf color and growth habits. ‘Gama Umami’ cultivar showed the highest biomass yield, with significantly (p<0.05) higher crude protein and dry matter content than the other cultivars. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis using nine primers on the five Napier grass cultivars demonstrated diverse band patterns, resulting in a percentage of polymorphic bands (PBP) ranging from 60% to 100%. The dendrogram derived from the RAPD data clustered the cultivars into two main groups, with ‘Gama Umami’ and ‘Local’ showing a high similarity coefficient of 0.73, while ‘Purple’ and ‘Pakchong’ formed a distinct sub-cluster with a similarity coefficient of 0.66, and ‘Odot’ exhibited a similarity coefficient of 0.58 with the ‘Purple’ and ‘Pakchong’ sub-cluster. This study revealed significant genetic and morphological diversity among five Napier grass cultivars, with 'Gama Umami' demonstrating superior morphological traits, nutrient content, and biomass production. These findings highlight the potential of integrating molecular and morphological analyses to support breeding programs for improving forage quality and productivity.
Customization of Source Term into JRODOS Compatible XML File Format Using Visual Basic for Nuclear Accident Analysis Hassan, S. M. T.; Khaer, M. A.; Hoq, M. A.; Chowdhury, M. T.; Rahman, M. M.
Atom Indonesia Vol 51, No 1 (2025): APRIL 2025
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2025.1432

Abstract

A Visual Basic code was developed to generate an XML file in the RODOS format from the provided source term data in Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet. This XML file can be directly used in JRODOS (Java-based Real-time On-line Decision Support) platform. A simple source term model was used to check the applicability of the code. Finally, the code was successfully implemented to reproduce the JRODOS-formatted XML file for a detailed Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant accidental scenario. This code simplifies a vital analysis step, which would otherwise be very cumbersome, especially for a complex source term scenario involving many radionuclides, release intervals, and release heights of a nuclear accident.
Difficulties of Quality Education in Higher Education in India Raja, Piyush; Rahman, M. M.
International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research Vol. 2 No. 12 (2021): International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Res
Publisher : Future Science / FSH-PH Publications

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/10.11594/ijmaber.02.12.09

Abstract

Higher education will lead the world in 21st era because it not only creates greater personal and social prosperity, but it also affects all facets of development, including intellectual, social, cultural, aesthetic, physical, spiritual, and human capital development, directly or indirectly. Afterward, US and China, India has the world's third largest higher education system. University Grants Commission (UGC) is the largest regulatory body at the higher level, and it enforces its guidelines, advises the administration, and facilitates communication between the federal government and the states. The University Grants Commission oversees accreditation for higher education by 15 independent institutions. While the nation has progressed significantly in terms of enrolment, the standard of education continues to be a source of concern, which is critical for achieving the country's goals and implementing national policy. Weak facilities, exam-driven curriculum, memory-based exams, a shortage of qualified faculty, ineffective teaching strategies, a lack of funding, inconsistencies in government policy on higher education, entrenched political motives, massive demands from the youth population, political unrest, increasing privatisation, a lack of access and equity, and so on are some of the problems in higher education. There are several more problems like this, and this paper objectively examines all of them, as well as potential solutions.
The Silage Quality of Pennisetum purpureum Cultivar Gamma Umami Mixed with Calliandra calothyrsus and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Mudhita, I. K.; Putra, R. A.; Rahman, M. M.; Widyobroto, B. P.; Agussalim; Umami, N.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 47 No. 1 (2024): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2024.47.1.112

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effect of Calliandra calothyrsus supplementation and inoculation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) on Penisetum purpureum cv. Gamma Umami grass fermentative and chemical quality and nutrient degradability. The study used a completely randomized design with 3 × 3 factorial patterns. The first factor was Calliandra supplementation levels at 10%, 20%, and 30%; the second was L. plantarum inoculation levels at 0%, 2%, and 4%. The variables measured included chemical fermentation profiles, chemical composition, and rumen fermentation and degradability parameters. The result showed that a higher level of C. calothyrsus supplementation concomitant increased silage pH and NH3-N concentration (p<0.05), while L. plantarum inoculation significantly decreased the silage pH and ammonia concentration (p<0.05). The silage contents of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and ether extract in silage significantly (p<0.05) increased. Inoculation of L. plantarum decreased (p<0.05) crude fiber, ether extract, and total tannin content of silage. The total volatile fatty acids, acetate, propionate concentrations, and rumen microbial protein synthesis were significantly increased with Calliandra supplementation (p<0.05). L. plantarum inoculation treatment only increased the proportion of acetate (p<0.05) and tended to increase the volatile fatty acids of rumen fluid, the proportion of acetate, propionate, and butyrate. The rumen ammonia concentration decreased with Calliandra supplementation and L. plantarum inoculation. It is concluded that 30% Calliandra supplementation and 2% L. plantarum inoculation and their combination were the treatments that produced the best chemical fermentation, rumen fermentation, and degradability parameters.