Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 2 Documents
Search

STABILIZATION OF RED MELINJO PEEL (GNETUM GNEMON L.) ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT AS ANTIBACTERIAL AGENT Honga, Johan; Parhusip, Adolf J.N.; Anugrahati, Nuri A.; Sinaga, Wenny S.L.; Angel, Veliana
Journal Akademik Universitas Swiss German Vol 1 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Swiss German University & Perhimpunan Penggiat Pangan Fungsional dan Nutrasetikal Indonesia (P3FNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (692.144 KB) | DOI: 10.33555/jffn.v1i1.7

Abstract

Melinjo (GnetumgnemonL.) is a typical Indonesian plant that has many benefits such as antimicrobial agent. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of red melinjo peel extract. In this study, extraction was conducted by maceration using ethyl acetate as solvent for 24 hours at room temperature. 4-16% red melinjo peel extract (w/v) could inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureusATCC 6538, Listeria monocytogenesATCC 7644 and SalmonellaTyphi ATCC 14028. However 4-16% red melinjo peel extract could not inhibit the growth of Candida albicansATCC 10231. In stability test, the selected extract had a stable inhibition at pH 4-7, heat treatment 65oC-95oC for 30 minutes, salt 1%-5%, and sugar 10%-50%. The selected extract produced the biggest inhibition diameter at low pH (pH 4) and produced the smallest inhibition diameter at neutral pH (pH 7). Heat treatment 65oC for 30 minutes produced the biggest inhibition diameter among tested bacteria and decreased with increasing heating temperature. Addition of 1-5% NaCl and 10-50% sucrose worked synergistically with the selected extract in inhibit the growth of the tested bacteria.
KARAKTERISASI EKSTRAK KULIT MELINJO (Gnetum gnemon L.) MERAH SEBAGAI KOMPONEN ANTIBAKTERIKARAKTERISASI EKSTRAK KULIT MELINJO (Gnetum gnemon L.) MERAH SEBAGAI KOMPONEN ANTIBAKTERI Angel, Veliana; Parhusip, Adolf J.N.
FaST - Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi (Journal of Science and Technology) Vol 8, No 1 (2024): MAY
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/jstfast.v8i1.7598

Abstract

Melinjo peel is generally disposed, even though it contains bioactive compounds such as tannin, flavonoid and saponin, which can be used as antimicrobial compound. The purpose of this research was to analyze the antimicrobial activity of melinjo peel extract. The extraction of red melinjo peel was conducted by maceration method using ethyl acetate as solvent for 24 h at room temperature. The extract at concentration 4, 8, 12, and 16% (w/v) could not inhibit the growth of Rhizopus oligosporus ATCC 22959, whereas could inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the extract was ranged from 0.50-0.69%, while the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) value was ranged from 2.00-2.76%. The phytochemical compounds that found in extract were alkaloids, saponin, phenolic, flavonoids and glycosides. The inhibitory capacity of the extract at selected concentration (12%) had a similar level as compared to 1000 ppm Colistin against E. coli and P. aeruginosa. The inhibition of extract increased at low pH (pH 4), while neutral pH decreased the inhibition of the extract. Heat treatment at 65oC for 30 minutes increased the antibacterial activity, whereas heat treatment at 75, 85, and 95oC decreased the antibacterial activity of the extract. Addition of salt and sugar at concentration 1-5% and 10-50%, respectively, increased the antibacterial activity of the extract. The extract could damage cell morphology and was confirmed by the presence of ions (Ca2+, K+, and Mg2+) outside of the cells.Bahasa Indonesia Abstract:Kulit melinjo umumnya dibuang, padahal mengandung komponen bioaktif seperti tanin, flavonoid, dan saponin, yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai komponen antimikroba. Tujuan penelitian ini karakterisasi komponen bioaktif ekstrak kulit melinjo merah sebagai antibakteri. Proses ekstraksi kulit melinjo merah dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etil asetat selama 24 jam pada suhu ruang. Ekstrak etil asetat kulit melinjo merah pada konsentrasi 4, 8, 12, dan 16% (w/v) tidak dapat menghambat kapang R. oligosporus ATCC 22959, namun dapat menghambat bakteri  E. coli ATCC 8739, B. cereus ATCC 10876, dan P.  aeruginosa ATCC 9027. Nilai Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) dan Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) dari ekstrak terhadap ketiga bakteri uji berturut-turut adalah 0.50-0.69%, dan 2.00-2.76%. Komponen fitokimia yang terdapat pada ekstrak etil asetat terdiri dari alkaloid, saponin, fenolik, flavonoid, dan glikosida. Ekstrak etil asetat dengan konsentrasi terpilih (12%) memiliki diameter zona hambat hampir setara dengan antibiotik kolistin 1000 ppm terhadap bakteri E. coli dan P. aeruginosa. Ekstrak pada kondisi asam (pH 4) memiliki diameter zona hambat lebih besar dibandingkan pH netral (pH 7). Pemanasan ekstrak pada suhu 65oC selama 30 menit akan meningkatkan diameter zona hambat, dan menurun pada suhu pemanasan 75, 85, dan 95oC. Penambahan garam dan gula masing-masing pada konsentrasi 1-5% dan 10-50% akan meningkatkan diameter zona hambat ekstrak. Ekstrak dapat merusak morfologi ketiga bakteri uji, yang didukung dengan keluarnya ion-ion penyusun dinding sel (Ca2+, K+, dan Mg2+). Ekstrak etil asetat kulit melinjo merah memiliki komponen bioaktif yang mampu membunuh dan menghambat pertimbuhan mikroba uji.