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All Journal AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment)
Unpaprom, Yuwalee
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Environmental Science

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Effects of Co-substrate Concentrations on the Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Common Reed and Cow Dung Van Tran, Giang; Unpaprom, Yuwalee; Ramaraj, Rameshprabu
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v3i1.20

Abstract

The biochemical methane potentials for common reed (Phragmites australis) and cow dung from northern Thailand, Chiang Mai city were investigated. This study aims to evaluate optimal parameters for the substrate of common reed and cow dung with different ratios (i.e. 1:1, 2:1 and 1:2) for improving the quality of methane content and biogas production. The effect of the co-substrate mixture was carried out in a batch reactor operated under room temperature and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 45 days. The experiments were conducted in the fermenter with a working volume of 2.5 L and a total volume of 3L. The substrate was containing 15% of total solids (TS) and fermentation at initial pH 7. Biodegradation of substrate stated that chemical oxidation demand (COD) removal was 52.38%, the utilization of volatile solid was 75.46%. The results were achieved at ratio 2:1 (common reed and cow dung) reached the highest methane content and total biogas yield are 70% and 20,015 ml, respectively. Consequently, the results of this study suggested that mixing ratios of influence on the fermentation process and monitoring parameters were significant for further scale up or large-scale design of enriched methane content and biogas production.
Low-Cost Solar Energy Harvesting: A Study on Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Inthanin Leaf Extract as a Natural Photosensitizer: Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Inthanin Leaf Extract as a Natural Photosensitizer Onyemowo, Maria; Unpaprom, Yuwalee; Ramaraj, Rameshprabu
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 7 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v7i3.329

Abstract

The world is actively pursuing renewable energy resources to combat environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions caused by the burning of fossil fuels. Solar energy is the most abundant, continuously available form of renewable energy, and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are being explored as an alternative to traditional silicon-based solar cells due to their low cost of materials, ease of production, and efficiency. The photoanode is a crucial component in DSSCs, and the main challenges faced by these solar cells are charge recombination and low light harvesting ability. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of natural dyes as the sensitizer for the fabrication of DSSCs. Natural pigments were extracted from Inthanin leaves using the solvent extraction technique. The concentration and composition of the pigment were analyzed through pigment analysis utilizing UV a spectrophotometer. Inthanin has a higher chlorophyll a to b ratio. A higher chlorophyll a to b ratio has been shown to be associated with improved light harvesting and electron transport efficiency. This is because chlorophyll a is more efficient at transferring electrons to the electron transport chain than chlorophyll b. The higher chlorophyll a to b ratio could lead to improved electron transfer to the photoanode. The photoelectric parameters of the DSSC were evaluated using I-V characterization. DSSCs coated with Inthanin dye extract produced a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 0.02 mA/cm2, open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.07 V, fill factor (FF) of 33% and an efficiency (????) of 0.1%.
Co-Authors Onyemowo, Maria Ramaraj, Rameshprabu Van Tran, Giang