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All Journal Historia: Jurnal Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah Amerta
Chaerunissa, Yasmin Nindya
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Religion Arts Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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The Construction of History Learning Oriented to Gender Equality Chaerunissa, Yasmin Nindya
Historia: Jurnal Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah Vol 1, No 1 (2017): Pembelajaran Sejarah lokal
Publisher : Prodi. Pendidikan Sejarah FPIPS UPI dan APPS (Asosiasi peneliti dan Pendidik Sejarah)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (132.665 KB) | DOI: 10.17509/historia.v1i1.7009

Abstract

Gender issues have become a global agenda nowadays, where the inequality can make one of the parties, which in this case is women, discredited. Education, included history education of course, should be as one of the agents that can contribute to solve of gender problems. Based on social reconstruction philosophy, history education does not only talk about the past, but also relate to the present, and see the future. In this context, the history learning is made to be oriented in gender equality. The research location is on SMA Negeri 5 Bandung, class of social science. There are three main results in this research. First, to create a history learning that oriented to gender equality, the most important thing is that the teacher should have a deep understanding about it. It is fine whether the teacher is a man or woman, because gender equality is not only for woman, but for making a more equitable social order. History learning which oriented on gender equality could be delivered by its process and content. Second, on its implementation, history learning that could accommodate gender equality’s values is contextual learning. Teacher should be clever enough to make connection between the past and the present. It should be done dialogically. Discussion might be made through question and answer which bridged with gender issues emancipatory critical questions. It could help the students shape their own thought and direct which values that suit into them. Third, through this kind of construction, it resulted that students’ perception about gender equality developed. The students placed basically man and woman is in an equal partnership, where any kind of chances are open equally for both. It happened also friction about domestic role is not only for woman again, but as shared responsibility. Concluded, history learning could contribute in cultivating of gender equality, as a part to develop the social justice.
Peran dan Kedudukan Kalang dalam Pemerintahan Masa Kerajaan Mataram Kuno Berdasarkan Data Prasasti Chaerunissa, Yasmin Nindya
AMERTA Vol. 43 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2025.5549

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Abstract. The Role and Status of the Kalang in the Administration of the Ancient Mataram Kingdom Based on Epigraphic Data. Kalang was an officer at the wanua (village) level and frequently mentioned in various inscriptions, especially regarding sīma ceremonies. The position of Kalang is associated with people whose work was related to forests and timber. Although there have been several previous studies on Kalang, discussions on the role and position of Kalang in the village administration during the Mataram Kingdom based on the details of pasĕk-pasĕk (gift) they received in ceremonies are still limited. This research aims to analyse the role and position of Kalang in the government during the Mataram Kingdom based on inscriptional data. This research uses a qualitative approach by collecting data from 29 inscriptions from 804 CE to 909 CE. The data was then subjected to processing, content analysis, and interpretation. The results of this study show that Kalang did not only stand as Kalang alone, but there were also other positions related to Kalang such as Tuha Kalang, Kalang Manguwu, Kalang Tunggu Durung, and others, which signalled the difference in their roles from one another. As for status, the results show that in some villages during the late Rakai Kayuwangi period and briefly during the Dyah Balitung period, Kalang and other Kalang-related positions occupied a high degree within the wanua bureaucracy, as seen from the number of pasĕk-pasĕk received which tended to be higher than other officials from the village that organised the ceremony. Keywords: Kalang, Mataram Kingdom, Inscriptions, Pasĕk-Pasĕk    Abstrak. Kalang adalah jabatan di tingkat wanua (desa) dan kerap disebut dalam berbagai prasasti, utamanya mengenai upacara penetapan sīma. Posisi Kalang erat diasosiasikan dengan orang-orang yang pekerjaannya berkaitan dengan hutan dan kayu. Meski telah ada beberapa penelitian terdahulu mengenai Kalang, pembahasan mengenai peran dan kedudukan Kalang dalam bidang pemerintahan desa masa Kerajaan Mataram Kuno secara spesifik, misalnya melihat secara detail pasĕk-pasĕk (semacam hadiah) yang mereka terima dalam upacara, masihlah terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran dan kedudukan Kalang dalam pemerintahan pada masa Kerajaan Mataram Kuno berdasarkan data prasasti. Riset ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan data dari 29 prasasti yang berasal dari tahun 804 M hingga 909 M. Data tersebut kemudian dilakukan pengolahan, analisis isi, dan interpretasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Kalang tidak hanya berdiri sebagai Kalang saja, namun juga ada jabatan lain terkait Kalang seperti Tuha Kalang, Kalang Manguwu, Kalang Tunggu Durung, dan lain-lain, yang menandakan perbedaan peran mereka satu sama lain. Sementara perihal kedudukan, hasil menunjukkan bahwa di beberapa desa pada masa akhir Rakai Kayuwangi dan sempat pada masa Dyah Balitung, Kalang dan jabatan lain terkait Kalang menempati derajat yang tinggi dalam birokrasi di wanua, sebagaimana dilihat dari jumlah pasĕk-pasĕk yang diterima cenderung lebih tinggi dibanding pejabat lain dari desa penyelenggara upacara. Kata kunci: Kalang, Kerajaan Mataram Kuno, Prasasti, Pasĕk-Pasĕk
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