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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Jurnal Sistem Komputer Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sains Dan Teknologi Fakultas Teknik Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Jurnal AgroBiogen Menara Perkebunan Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Nusantara Bioscience
Sianipar, Nesti Fronika
Research Interest Group Food Biotechnology, Bina Nusantara University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Engineering Other

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TOXIC ACTIVITIES OF HEXANE EXTRACT AND COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY FRACTIONS OF RODENT TUBER PLANT (Typhonium flagelliforme Lodd.) ON Artemia salina Sianipar, Nesti F.; Maarisit, Wilmar; Valencia, Alice
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 14, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Rodent tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme Lodd.) is a medicinal plant  particularly found in Java. The plant is used as an ingredient for  conventional cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the toxic activities of crude extracts and column chromatography fractions of  rodent tuber on Artemia salina larvae. Rodent tuber plant was obtained  from the Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute in  Bogor, West Java. The experiment was conducted in the Biology  Laboratory of Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Banten. Leaves and petioles of the plant were macerated with acetone and the filtrates were evaporated (40°C) to obtain crude extracts. The crude extracts were partitioned with ethyl acetate, followed with hexane, chloroform and  butanol. Toxicity test of the extracts was performed using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method on A. salina larvae. Extract showing the most toxic was fractioned using column chromatography and then tested on the larvae. The experiment was designed in a completely randomized  factorial, four replicates for crude extracts and two replicates for the fractions. Treatments were different types of extracts (hexane, chloroform and butanol) at various concentrations (500, 1,000 and 1,500 μg ml-1 of 5% Tween solution). Fractions of the column chromatography used were taken from the column number 1, 3 and 10, and tested their toxicities at 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1,000 μg ml-1 of 5% Tween solution. Parameters observed were the death of A. salina expressed as LC50. The study  showed that hexane extract of the petioles had the most toxic to A. salina (LC50 = 762.08 μg ml-1). Fraction number 10 showed the highest toxic (LC50 = 381.07 μg ml-1), whereas the lowest was fraction number 3 (LC50 = 653.13 μg ml-1). The study indicates that rodent tuber plant from Bogor is toxic to A. salina and further test for its cytotoxic activity is justified.
Supervised Classification Karakter Morfologi Tanaman Keladi Tikus (Typhonium Flagelliforme) Menggunakan Database Management System Hesananda, Rizki; Warnars, Harco Leslie Hendric Spits; Sianipar, Nesti Fronika
Jurnal Sistem Komputer Vol 7, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Jurnal Sistem Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jsk.v7i2.153

Abstract

Tanaman Keladi Tikus memiliki potensi medis tinggi dan bermanfaat dalam penyembuhan berbagai penyakit, seperti kanker payudara, kanker rahim dan leukemia. Tanaman keladi tikus memiliki keragaman genetik rendah karena pada umumnya tanaman ini diperbanyak melalui pemisahan bonggol secara vegetatif. Salah satu metode peningkatan keragaman genetik antara lain mutasi iradiasi sinar gamma. Uji coba peningkatan keragaman genetik ini menghasilkan data karakter morfologi dari tiap klon tanaman Keladi Tikus. Untuk menemukan pola dari data karakteristik morfologi tersebut, maka perlu dilakukan klasifikasi berdasarkan tingkat kesamaan dari data-data klon tersebut. Klasifikasi sebagai salah satu teknik data mining yang terukur, dapat dipercaya dan memenuhi suatu standar yang telah disepakati. CRISP-DM adalah standarisasi data mining yang digunakan pada penelitian ini. Untuk mengembangkan aplikasi klasifikasi data Mining tersebut digunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan Database Management System yaitu MySQ.. Berdasarkan penelitian dan setelah dilakukan pengujian, maka didapat perangkat lunak  yang dibuat dapat digunakan untuk melakukan perhitungan tingkat similaritas dan melakukan klasifikasi pada dataset morfologi tanaman Kelati Tikus. Tanaman Keladi Tikus memiliki potensi medis tinggi dan bermanfaat dalam penyembuhan berbagai penyakit, seperti kanker payudara, kanker rahim dan leukemia. Tanaman keladi tikus memiliki keragaman genetik rendah karena pada umumnya tanaman ini diperbanyak melalui pemisahan bonggol secara vegetatif. Salah satu metode peningkatan keragaman genetik antara lain mutasi iradiasi sinar gamma. Uji coba peningkatan keragaman genetik ini menghasilkan data karakter morfologi dari tiap klon tanaman Keladi Tikus. Untuk menemukan pola dari data karakteristik morfologi tersebut, maka perlu dilakukan klasifikasi berdasarkan tingkat kesamaan dari data-data klon tersebut. Klasifikasi sebagai salah satu teknik data mining yang terukur, dapat dipercaya dan memenuhi suatu standar yang telah disepakati. CRISP-DM adalah standarisasi data mining yang digunakan pada penelitian ini. Untuk mengembangkan aplikasi klasifikasi data Mining tersebut digunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan Database Management System yaitu MySQ.. Berdasarkan penelitian dan setelah dilakukan pengujian, maka didapat perangkat lunak  yang dibuat dapat digunakan untuk melakukan perhitungan tingkat similaritas dan melakukan klasifikasi pada dataset morfologi tanaman Kelati Tikus.
The Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Growth Response of Rodent Tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme Lodd.) Mutant in In Vitro Culture NESTI FRONIKA SIANIPAR; ARIANDANA WANTHO; . RUSTIKAWATI; WILMAR MAARISIT
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 20 No. 2 (2013): June 2013
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (79.697 KB) | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.20.2.51

Abstract

Rodent tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme Lodd.) is an Indonesian native plant that potential as anticancer. Even though the potential use of bioactive compounds from T. flagelliforme is very high, its genetic variation in Indonesia is low. Gamma irradiation can be used to increase genetic variation. The objective of this research was to obtain the first generation mutants (M1) of T. flagelliforme resulting from gamma irradiation of normal mother plantlets with different plant height and number of shoots. T. flagelliforme was irradiated at the doses of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 Gy. The percentage of plant death was then calculated to determine the Lethal Dose (LD) 50. T. flagelliforme was then re-irradiated at LD50 dose to obtain M1 mutant. The plant height and number of shoots variation was observed after eight weeks of culture. The analysis of T. flagelliforme radiosensitivity resulted in LD50 at 25 Gy. Observation at six weeks after irradiation showed significant differences between the normal mother plant, 20 Gy mutants, and 25 Gy mutants with an average plant height of 9.57, 3.41, and 2.43 cm respectively, and the  average number of shoots produced was 7.85, 6.03, and 5.00 shoots respectively. Irradiation at 20 and 25 Gy produced 49 and 37 mutant plantlets. This research showed that gamma irradiation at LD50 dose could generate plant height and number of shoots variation of M1 mutant plantlets that are different from normal mother plantlets.
Genetic Variation of the First Generation of Rodent Tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme Lodd.) Mutants Based on RAPD Molecular Markers NESTI FRONIKA SIANIPAR; DANNY LAURENT; RAGAPADMI PURNAMANINGSIH; IRENG DARWATI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 22 No. 2 (2015): April 2015
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1930.619 KB) | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.22.2.98

Abstract

Rodent tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme Lodd.) is a herbal plant from the Araceae family. The plant has high medical potential and is effective to cure cancer. However, the low level of its genetic variation limits its exploration for desirable traits. The low level of genetic variation in Rodent tuber is mainly due to its asexual reproduction system. It usually reproduces vegetatively via tuber separation. Therefore, gamma irradiation had been applied to rodent tuber in vitro to increase its genetic diversity. The objective of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity of the first generation (MV1) of gamma irradiated rodent tuber mutant using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. A total of 14 mutant DNA samples were analyzed with 14 RAPD primers. The result showed that 67 out of 123 DNA bands were polymorphic among mutant lines. Based on cluster analysis these mutants showed 0.78-0.97 genetic similarity. Cutting of dendogram at genetic distance of 0.89 produced four main clusters. Mutants with high genetic variation are now available. This increases the opportunity of obtaining mutant lines with high anti-cancer activity.
TOXIC ACTIVITIES OF HEXANE EXTRACT AND COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY FRACTIONS OF RODENT TUBER PLANT (Typhonium flagelliforme Lodd.) ON Artemia salina Nesti F. Sianipar; Wilmar Maarisit; Alice Valencia
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 14, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v14n1.2013.p1-6

Abstract

Rodent tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme Lodd.) is a medicinal plant  particularly found in Java. The plant is used as an ingredient for  conventional cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the toxic activities of crude extracts and column chromatography fractions of  rodent tuber on Artemia salina larvae. Rodent tuber plant was obtained  from the Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute in  Bogor, West Java. The experiment was conducted in the Biology  Laboratory of Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Banten. Leaves and petioles of the plant were macerated with acetone and the filtrates were evaporated (40°C) to obtain crude extracts. The crude extracts were partitioned with ethyl acetate, followed with hexane, chloroform and  butanol. Toxicity test of the extracts was performed using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method on A. salina larvae. Extract showing the most toxic was fractioned using column chromatography and then tested on the larvae. The experiment was designed in a completely randomized  factorial, four replicates for crude extracts and two replicates for the fractions. Treatments were different types of extracts (hexane, chloroform and butanol) at various concentrations (500, 1,000 and 1,500 μg ml-1 of 5% Tween solution). Fractions of the column chromatography used were taken from the column number 1, 3 and 10, and tested their toxicities at 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1,000 μg ml-1 of 5% Tween solution. Parameters observed were the death of A. salina expressed as LC50. The study  showed that hexane extract of the petioles had the most toxic to A. salina (LC50 = 762.08 μg ml-1). Fraction number 10 showed the highest toxic (LC50 = 381.07 μg ml-1), whereas the lowest was fraction number 3 (LC50 = 653.13 μg ml-1). The study indicates that rodent tuber plant from Bogor is toxic to A. salina and further test for its cytotoxic activity is justified.
Karakterisasi secara Morfologi Abnormalitas Embrio Somatik Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) dari Eksplan Daun Nesti F Sianipar; Gustav A Wattimena; Hajrial Aswidinnoor; Maggy Thenawidjaya S; Nurita Toruan-Mathius,; Gale Ginting
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 3, No 1 (2007): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v3n1.2007.p32-39

Abstract

Morphological Characterization on Abnormalities of Oilpalm(Elaeis guineensis Jacq) Embryo Somatic Generatedfrom Leaf Explant. Nesti F. Sianipar, Gustav A.Wattimena, Hajrial Aswidinnoor, Maggy ThenawidjayaS., Nurita Toruan-Mathius, and Gale Ginting. Somaticembryogenesis is the development of somatic cells to form astructure alike zygotic embryo direct or indirectly. Somaticembryos from young leaf explants could be induced fromprimary callus formed surrounding the palm-leaf rib. Embryogeniccallus will develop to be somatic embryos whichgrew nonuniformly. Embryo somatic growth pattern ofglobular, asymmetric heart shape, and cotyledon ary stageproduced different morphological variation. Morphologicalvariability of in vitro somatic embryos could be due to highapplication of growth regulator 2,4-D at the beginning ofinitiation, subculture frequency, loaded cells, and polysomiccells from certain tissues. From the three clones used,which were clone 638, 636, and 558, there were differentvariation at each step of development stages, groupingmorphologically into normal and abnormal based on thedevelopment of somatic embryos. The percentage of abnormalityfrom the three clone used was clone 27% (638), 30%(636), and 46% (558). The normal somatic embryos at globularstage were round and bipolar shaped; while the abnormalembryos were oval and no bipolar. At heart-shape stage,the normal somatic embryos had symmetrical polarized surface;while the abnormal embryos had asymmetrical polarizedsurface. At the cotyledon stage, the normal embryoshad monocot-tyledon; the abnormal ones were more thanone cotyledon.
Deteksi metilasi DNA genom Elaeis guineensis Jacq hasil kultur jaringan dengan teknik Randomly Amplified Fingerprint (RAF) DNA dan Reverse Phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) Analysis DNA genom methylation of Elaeis guineensis Jacq from tissue culture by Randomly Amplified Fingerprint DNA (RAF) and Reverse Phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) Nurita TORUAN-MATHIUS; Nesti F SIANIPAR; G A WATTIMENA; Hajrial ASWIDINNOOR; Maggy THENAWIDJAYA-SUHARTONO; Gale GINTING
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 76, No 2: Desember 2008
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (323.682 KB) | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v76i2.81

Abstract

Abstract Embryo somatic (ES) abnormalities of  oil palm were probably caused by numbers and location of  DNA genom cytosin methylation. Quantity of methylation could be determined  by Reverse phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) techniques, while location of DNA cytosin methylation was detected by Random Amplified Fingerprint DNA (RAF-DNA) technique. The objective of  this research was to determine numbers  and pattern of DNA cytosin methylation  of normal or abnormal ES and normal ortet as a standard.  DNA genomic of samples were cut by  HpaII and MspI enzymes at  CCGG site, and amplified by RAF. HpaII  cut at  mCCGG  sequences, but if  second C  were methylated  the sequences can not be cut by HpaII.While Msp1 will cut if internal of cytosine was methylated  (CmCGG). The results showed that AB16, AE11, AO12 and  AP12 primers could detect the changes of methylation site on normal ortet and abnormal ES cotyledone.  RP-HPLC analyses showed that DNA cytosin methylation content between ES globular and ES cotyledone, both normal and abnormal  and also normal plantlet and ortet were unsignificantly different. DNA methyl content was around   0.25 – 2.72 %. Internal and fully methylation was found on 124 – 457 bp. Abnormal ES  of MK638 clone showed the hipomethylation pattern. It was concluded that methylation cytosine content was very low and it seems that DNA methylation undirectly  affects on process of morphology abnormalities.  Abnormalities of ES globular and cotyledone might be caused by the change of  DNA genom sequences. Abstrak Abnormalitas pada embrio somatik (ES) tanaman kelapa sawit diduga disebabkan oleh kandungan serta lokasi terjadinya metilasi sitosin DNA genom. Kandungan metilasi dapat ditetapkan dengan teknik Reverse Phase HPLC (RP-HPLC), sedang lokasi terjadinya  metilasi sitosin DNA genom ES dapat dideteksi dengan teknik Random Amplified Fingerprint DNA (RAF-DNA). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menetapkan pola metilasi sitosin DNA genom ES kotiledon normal dan abnormal, sebagai pembanding adalah ortet yang normal.  DNA genom contoh dipotong dengan enzim HpaII dan MspI yang mengenali situs CCGG, selanjutnya diamplifikasi dengan RAF. Enzim HpaII memotong sekuen mCCGG tetapi jika C kedua mengalami metilasi sekuen tersebut tidak terpotong. Msp1 akan memotong apabila sitosin internal termetilasi (CmCGG). Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan  situs metilasi antara ortet  normal dan ES kotiledon abnormal. Perubahan situs metilasi sitosin dapat dibedakan dengan primer RAF, yaitu AB16, AE11, AO12 dan AP12.  Hasil analisis RP-HPLC menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan kandungan metilasi sitosin DNA ES globular maupun kotiledon masing-masing antara yang normal dan abnormal, serta antara planlet dan ortet normal sangat kecil. Kandungan metil sitosin berkisar antara 0,25 – 2,72 %. Tampak bahwa pada 124 - 457 pb terjadi metilasi internal, eksternal maupun metilasi penuh. Pada ES abnormal klon MK638 menunjukkan terjadi hipometilasi sitosin.  Perbedaan kandungan  metilasi sitosin yang sangat kecil diduga tidak berpengaruh langsung terhadap proses abnormalitas. Abnormalitas yang terjadi pada ES globular dan kotiledon kemungkinan akibat terjadinya perubahan sekuens DNA genom. 
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN ALGORITMA KNN, GAUSSIAN NAIVE BAYES, RANDOM FOREST UNTUK DATA TIDAK SEIMBANG DAN DATA YANG DISEIMBANGKAN DENGAN METODE TOMEK LINK UNDERSAMPLING PADA DATASET LCMS TANAMAN KELADI TIKUS Iwan Binanto; Nesti Fronika Sianipar; Ni Made Dina Aprilianti; Jeanytha Gein; Patricia Dian Paska
Prosiding Sains Nasional dan Teknologi Vol 13, No 1 (2023): PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36499/psnst.v13i1.9002

Abstract

Data tidak seimbang adalah data yang mempunyai kelas mayoritas dan kelas minoritas dalam hal ini merupakan kelas target karena satu kelas melebihi jumlah kelas lain dalam dataset. Salah satu data tidak seimbang didapat pada penelitian Binanto, et. al. yang merupakan data LCMS dari tanaman Keladi Tikus hasil penelitian Sianipar et. al. Data ini tidak seimbang karena target biner yang menyatakan senyawa anti kanker dan senyawa biasa sangat kontras. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi tanaman keladi tikus dalam pengobatan penyakit serta menjelaskan mekanisme yang mungkin terlibat. Untuk itu diperlukannya sebuah metode klasifikasi dokumen yang dapat mengelompokkan secara otomatis dan akurat. Terdapat banyak metode klasifikasi yang dapat digunakan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Naive Bayes, Random Forest, dan KNN serta digunakan pula Algoritma Tomek Link Undersampling untuk menyeimbangkan data. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa Algoritma Random Forest merupakan algoritma yang paling tepat untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan Imbalanced Data maupun Balanced Data dengan menggunakan Tomek Links Undersampling karena algoritma ini memiliki nilai accuracy, precision, recall dan F1-Score yang tinggi dibanding algoritma lainnya.
KLASIFIKASI SENYAWA KELADI TIKUS MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA KNN, GAUSSIAN NAÏVE BAYES DENGAN MENERAPKAN IMBALANCE DATA BORDERLINE SMOTE Iwan Binanto; Nesti Fronika Sianipar; Frista Dea; Margareta Navi Primadani; Theresia Winnie Kartikasari
Prosiding Sains Nasional dan Teknologi Vol 13, No 1 (2023): PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36499/psnst.v13i1.9005

Abstract

Data seimbang atau imbalanced data merupakan keadaan di mana distribusi kelas data yang tidak seimbang yaitu jumlah data yang satu lebih sedikit atau lebih banyak dari kelas lainnya. Menangani data yang tidak seimbang telah menjadi tantangan besar selama dua dekade terakhir. Keseimbangan data merupakan faktor yang penting untuk diperhatikan, karena mempengaruhi hasil yang diperoleh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan perbandingan metode antara KNN, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, dan Random Forest untuk menentukan metode yang paling baik  berdasarkan data tanaman keladi tikus. Data yang tidak seimbang akan diseimbangkan dengan menggunakan metode oversampling yaitu Borderline-SMOTE. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan, algoritma KNN, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, dan Random Forest pada data yang sebenarnya (belum seimbang) menghasilkan nilai akurasi berturut-turut sebesar 0.984, 0.985, dan 1. Sedangkan pada data yang sudah diseimbangkan menghasilkan akurasi berturut-turut adalah sebesar 0.967, 0.499, dan 0.984. Algoritma random forest dapat mengklasifikasikan data yang seimbang dan belum seimbang dengan baik dibandingkan dengan algoritma yang lain. Hal ini karena algoritma random forest menghasilkan score akurasi, recall, F1-score, dan Precission yang tinggi dibanding dengan algoritma KNN dan Gaussian Naive Bayes pada data yang unbalance maupun balance.
Deteksi metilasi DNA genom Elaeis guineensis Jacq hasil kultur jaringan dengan teknik Randomly Amplified Fingerprint (RAF) DNA dan Reverse Phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) Analysis DNA genom methylation of Elaeis guineensis Jacq from tissue culture by Randomly Amplified Fingerprint DNA (RAF) and Reverse Phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) Nurita TORUAN-MATHIUS; Nesti F SIANIPAR; G A WATTIMENA; Hajrial ASWIDINNOOR; Maggy THENAWIDJAYA-SUHARTONO; Gale GINTING
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 76 No. 2: 76 (2), 2008
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v76i2.81

Abstract

Abstract Embryo somatic (ES) abnormalities of  oil palm were probably caused by numbers and location of  DNA genom cytosin methylation. Quantity of methylation could be determined  by Reverse phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) techniques, while location of DNA cytosin methylation was detected by Random Amplified Fingerprint DNA (RAF-DNA) technique. The objective of  this research was to determine numbers  and pattern of DNA cytosin methylation  of normal or abnormal ES and normal ortet as a standard.  DNA genomic of samples were cut by  HpaII and MspI enzymes at  CCGG site, and amplified by RAF. HpaII  cut at  mCCGG  sequences, but if  second C  were methylated  the sequences can not be cut by HpaII.While Msp1 will cut if internal of cytosine was methylated  (CmCGG). The results showed that AB16, AE11, AO12 and  AP12 primers could detect the changes of methylation site on normal ortet and abnormal ES cotyledone.  RP-HPLC analyses showed that DNA cytosin methylation content between ES globular and ES cotyledone, both normal and abnormal  and also normal plantlet and ortet were unsignificantly different. DNA methyl content was around   0.25 – 2.72 %. Internal and fully methylation was found on 124 – 457 bp. Abnormal ES  of MK638 clone showed the hipomethylation pattern. It was concluded that methylation cytosine content was very low and it seems that DNA methylation undirectly  affects on process of morphology abnormalities.  Abnormalities of ES globular and cotyledone might be caused by the change of  DNA genom sequences. Abstrak Abnormalitas pada embrio somatik (ES) tanaman kelapa sawit diduga disebabkan oleh kandungan serta lokasi terjadinya metilasi sitosin DNA genom. Kandungan metilasi dapat ditetapkan dengan teknik Reverse Phase HPLC (RP-HPLC), sedang lokasi terjadinya  metilasi sitosin DNA genom ES dapat dideteksi dengan teknik Random Amplified Fingerprint DNA (RAF-DNA). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menetapkan pola metilasi sitosin DNA genom ES kotiledon normal dan abnormal, sebagai pembanding adalah ortet yang normal.  DNA genom contoh dipotong dengan enzim HpaII dan MspI yang mengenali situs CCGG, selanjutnya diamplifikasi dengan RAF. Enzim HpaII memotong sekuen mCCGG tetapi jika C kedua mengalami metilasi sekuen tersebut tidak terpotong. Msp1 akan memotong apabila sitosin internal termetilasi (CmCGG). Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan  situs metilasi antara ortet  normal dan ES kotiledon abnormal. Perubahan situs metilasi sitosin dapat dibedakan dengan primer RAF, yaitu AB16, AE11, AO12 dan AP12.  Hasil analisis RP-HPLC menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan kandungan metilasi sitosin DNA ES globular maupun kotiledon masing-masing antara yang normal dan abnormal, serta antara planlet dan ortet normal sangat kecil. Kandungan metil sitosin berkisar antara 0,25 – 2,72 %. Tampak bahwa pada 124 - 457 pb terjadi metilasi internal, eksternal maupun metilasi penuh. Pada ES abnormal klon MK638 menunjukkan terjadi hipometilasi sitosin.  Perbedaan kandungan  metilasi sitosin yang sangat kecil diduga tidak berpengaruh langsung terhadap proses abnormalitas. Abnormalitas yang terjadi pada ES globular dan kotiledon kemungkinan akibat terjadinya perubahan sekuens DNA genom. 
Co-Authors ADHITYO WICAKSONO Alice Valencia Alice Valencia ANAS ANAS Anas Anas ARIANDANA WANTHO DANNY LAURENT DWIYANTARI WIDYANINGRUM ENDANG RAHMAT Frista Dea G A WATTIMENA Gale Ginting Gale Ginting Gustav A Wattimena HAJRIAL ASWIDINNOOR Hesananda, Rizki IRENG DARWATI Iwan Binanto Jeanytha Gein KENNETH HAPPY KHOIRUNISSA ASSIDQI KHOIRUNNISA ASSIDQI LAURA ANINDITA Maggy Thenawidjaya S Maggy THENAWIDJAYA-SUHARTONO Margareta Navi Primadani MAS RIZKY A. A. SYAMSUNARNO Ni Made Dina Aprilianti NURITA TORUAN-MATHIUS Nurita Toruan-Mathius, Patricia Dian Paska RAGAPADMI PURNAMANINGSIH REFLINUR REFLINUR Reflinur Reflinur Rustikawati Theresia Winnie Kartikasari Warnars, Harco Leslie Hendric Spits Wilmar Maarisit YOUNGMIN KANG ZIDNI MUFLIKHATI ZIDNI MUFLIKHATI ZIDNI MUFLIKHATI ZIDNI MUFLIKHATI