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All Journal Universa Medicina JIMEKA
Nadia, Rizka
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Economics, Econometrics & Finance Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences Other

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HIV‑1 drug‑resistance mutations and related risk factors among HIV‑1‑positive individuals receiving first-line antiretroviral therapy Elvira, Dwitya; Rahayuningsih, Sri Puji; Nadia, Rizka; Masri, Raveinal
Universa Medicina Vol. 44 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2025.v44.57-64

Abstract

Background Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) remains a global health issue. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) controls HIV progression, but widespread use had led to drug resistance mutations (DRMs) such as M184V and K103N, compromising treatment efficacy. This study assessed the prevalence of these mutations and identified associated risk factors in patients with first-line nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)-based ART. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 80 HIV patients aged > 18 years who had been on NRTI and non-NRTI (NNRTI) therapy for >6 months. Data included sociodemographic characteristics, ART adherence, opportunistic infections, viral load, CD4 count, treatment duration, ART regimen, and presence of M184V and/or K103N mutations. Genetic analysis was performed and statistical associations were assessed using simple and multivariate logistic regression. Results M184V and/or K103N mutations were detected in 8 patients (10%), significantly associated with poor ART adherence (p<0.01), detectable viral load (p<0.01) and male gender (p=0.048), but not with age (p=0.653), body mass index (p=0.661), opportunistic infections (p=0.938), CD4 count (p=0.265), and treatment duration (p=0.365). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that poor ART adherence was associated with a decreased risk of mutations compared to good adherence (OR = 0.73, 95% CI:0.012-0.427) and male patients had a 10-fold higher risk compared to females (OR = 10.03, 95% CI:1.033-97.350). Conclusion This study demonstrated that male gender was significantly associated with an increased risk of mutations, while poor ART adherence showed an unexpected inverse association. Strengthening adherence support programs remains essential to preventing drug resistance mutations and ensuring treatment efficacy.
HIV-1 drug resistance-associated mutations in relation to viral load among HIV/AIDS patients at Dr. M. Djamil-Hospital Padang Nadia, Rizka; Elvira, Dwitya; Raveinal, Raveinal
Universa Medicina Vol. 43 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2024.v43.38-43

Abstract

BackgroundAccording to the WHO, 38 million people suffer from HIV worldwide and according to the HIV Drug Resistance Report, the prevalence of antiretroviral therapy (ART) resistance is 3-29%. Drug resistance-associated mutations (DRAMs) are the presence of one or more HIV mutations that reduce the ability of certain drugs to inhibit viral replication and that will increase viral replication and HIV RNA, which can lead to therapeutic failure. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV-1 DRAMs among patients with chronic HIV-1 infections and to compare HIV RNA viral load between M184V and K103N mutations. Methods A cross-sectional was conducted involving 80 patients with HIV who met the inclusion criteria. The study subjects were examined for genotype and HIV RNA viral load, both using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results The overall drug resistance mutation prevalence was 10.0%. The most common mutations were M184V and K103N. There was a significant difference between the median HIV RNA viral load counts in patients with either M184V or K103N, and with both M184V and K103N mutations, the values being 45.420, 13.207, and 97.517 copies/mL, respectively (p<0.001). Conclusion The HIV RNA viral load count was higher in the mutation group than in the group without mutation. Long-term and ongoing surveillance of HIV DRAMs among these patients is necessary, which will help us to adjust the treatment regimen.
PENGARUH INFORMASI KEUANGAN DAN NON KEUANGAN TERHADAP INITIAL RETURN PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG MELAKUKAN PENAWARAN UMUM SAHAM PERDANA DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2014-2016 Nadia, Rizka; Daud, Rulfah M
Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Ekonomi Akuntansi Vol 2, No 3 (2017): Agustus 2017
Publisher : Accounting Departement Economics and Business Faculty Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of financial information (Earning Per Share (EPS), Debt To Equity Ratio (DER) and Return On Asset (ROA)) and non-financial information (Reputation Underwriter and Reputation Auditor) to initial returns on companies that do Initial public offering in Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2014-2016. The type of research used is verification research with purposive sampling method. The target population of this study is all companies that conduct initial public offering (IPO) and subsequently listed its shares (lisiting) on BEI since January 1, 2014 s.d. 31 December 2016. After the selection there are 56 research target populations. The data used in this research is secondary data. Secondary data needed in this study can be grouped into two types of data that is quantitative and qualitative data obtained from the prospectus of the company that became the sample of this study. Hypothesis testing is used by performing multiple linear analysis.The results of this study indicate that Earning Per Share, Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Asset, Underwriter Reputation, and Reputation Auditor jointly affect the Initial Return on companies that conduct initial public offering in Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2014 s.d. 2016. Earning Per Share partially effect on Initial Return on companies that conduct initial public offering in BEI period 2014 s.d. 2016. Debt to Equity Ratio partially has no effect on Initial Return on companies that conduct initial public offering in BEI period 2014 s.d. 2016. Return on Asset partially has no effect on Initial Return on companies that conduct initial public offering in IDX period 2014 s.d. 2016. Reputation Underwriter partially effect on Initial Return on the company offering initial stock in BEI period 2014 s.d. 2016. Reputation Auditors partially influence on Initial Return on the company performing shares in the stock period in 2014 s.d. 2016
Co-Authors Dwitya Elvira, Dwitya masri, Raveinal Rahayuningsih, Sri Puji RAVEINAL RAVEINAL Rulfah M Daud