Maroko, Geoffrey Mokua
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A Conceptual Analysis of Metaphors Engendering HIV and AIDS-Related Stigma and Discrimination in Kisii County, Kenya Maroko, Geoffrey Mokua; Mokua, Gladys Nyamoita; Nyakundi, Augustus Onchari; Onyambu, Meshack Ondora
Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature Vol 14, No 2 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/lc.v14i2.22006

Abstract

Metaphors are mapped across two conceptual domains where A is B. Metaphorical expressionsare defined by dimensions including novelty, conventionality, abstractness and concreteness. The AbaGusii of Western Kenya is a highly conservative community of Bantu speakers of Western part of Kenya. They view HIV and Aids as taboo that cannot be the subject of discussion in public. Hence, People Living with HIV (hereafter PLHIV) are stigmatized and discriminated. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the metaphorical words and concepts that engender HIV and Aids-related stigma and discrimination in Kisii County. Descriptive narratives were elicited from HIV support providers using focus group discussions and follow-up interviews. The narratives were analysed in terms of five attributes of stigma and discrimination within the conceptual metaphor theory. Results revealed some culturally ingrained metaphors that evoke stigma and discrimination. The paper advocates for language management efforts using success stories in HIV and Aids management to construct positive messages to counter the negative metaphors.
Construction of Gender in Visual Signs in Selected Kenyan Secondary School English Textbooks Mutune, Fellis; Maroko, Geoffrey Mokua; Kiai, Alice Wanjira
Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature Vol 17, No 1 (2022): October 2022
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/lc.v17i1.39510

Abstract

Textbooks are a powerful tool for the construction of social identities. Consequently, the manner in which gender is portrayed in visuals in textbooks can greatly affect the images of males and females in the society that learners develop. If gender bias in textbooks is addressed, it would be a great accomplishment towards achieving equality in education: a fundamental goal of both Education for All (EFA) and sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the Kenyan context, the National Policy on Gender and Development (NPGAD) was developed to address disparities in the visibility, status, and perceived potential of males and females portrayed in textbooks. However, reviews on Kenyan textbooks suggest that subtle issues around gender representation imbalance are evident. With this mismatch between policy and practice, this paper analyses gender construction in selected visuals in Kenyan secondary schools English s from a socio-semiotic perspective. The findings revealed that males’ images transcended the females’ in selected textbooks. The study also revealed that males were assigned the actor role and were more involved in both non-transactional and transactional actional processes than females. Further, males were found to make direct gazes at the reader than females. The paper concludes that disproportionate representation of gender is evident in the selected textbooks where males are implicitly or explicitly presented as superior to females. The study recommends that gender representation be considered in the design and selection of visuals to be included in English textbooks. For those textbooks which are already in use, the Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD) could initiate review activities to improve gender parity in the visuals.
Metadiscourse in the Kenyan CEO Letter Genre: A Corpus-Assisted Study Wangari, Stella; Maroko, Geoffrey Mokua
Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature Vol 18, No 1 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/lc.v18i1.47447

Abstract

Metadiscourse denotes the writer’s use of language to enhance interaction with the reader. This article investigates the use of language to persuade readers and represent the company positively. The study examines the use of Metadiscourse resources in CEO letters of financial service companies listed in the Nairobi Securities Exchange. A total of 36 companies were sampled to represent companies that offer insurance, investment and banking services. The study utilized text analysis software (AntConc 3.5.7) to determine the quantitative outline of the Metadiscourse devices. This was followed-up with a qualitative analysis of the context in which the devices were applied, for further interpretation of the findings. All devices in the metadiscourse model were found in the text with a notably high incidence of self-mentions and transitions. This was attributed to the need to create reader-participation as well as to ease reader navigation through the text.  The findings are expected to further explain the role of Metadiscourse in financial disclosure by elaborating on its rhetorical nature. Results also highlight the importance of Metadiscourse features in the interpretation of content and attainment of diverse professional goals. Keywords: Interactional Metadiscourse, Interactive Metadiscourse, Genre, CEO Letter, Rhetoric