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Alem, Shiferaw
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Early growth and survival of different woody plant species established through direct sowing in a degraded land, Southern Ethiopia Alem, Shiferaw; Habrova, Hana
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 6 No. 4 (2019)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2019.064.1861

Abstract

In addition to tree planting activities, finding an alternative method to restore degraded land in semi-arid areas is necessary, and direct seeding of woody plants might be an alternative option. The objectives of this study paper were (1) evaluate the growth, biomass and survival of different woody plant species established through direct seeding in a semi-arid degraded land; (2) identify woody plant species that could be further used for restoration of degraded lands. To achieve the objectives eight woody plant species seeds were gathered, their seeds were sown in a degraded land, in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) (n=4). Data on germination, growth and survival of the different woody plants were collected at regular intervals during an eleven-month period. At the end of the study period, the remaining woody plants' dry biomasses were assessed. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for the data analysis and mean separation was performed using Fisher’s least significant difference (LSD) test (p=0.05). The result revealed significant differences on the mean heights, root length, root collar diameters, root to shoot ratio, dry root biomasses and dry shoot biomasses of the different species (p < 0.05). There were also variations among species in their germination, dry biomasses and survival. The survival of the woody plants was inversely correlated with air temperature. Of the species studied, four tree species, Dodonaea angustifolia, Vachellia tortilis, Vachellia seyal and Vachellia nilotica, were successful in growing in the degraded land; and therefore, we recommend these for restoration projects
Seed bury vs broadcast in direct seeding: their effects on the germination of different woody plant species, in a degraded semi-arid area, Southern Ethiopia Alem, Shiferaw
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2020.072.2041

Abstract

Direct seeding is considered as an option for afforestation programs to rehabilitate degraded lands. However, scant knowledge is available on the effect of seed sowing techniques on the germination of different woody plants in a semi-arid degraded area. Therefore, the objectives of this study paper are 1) to evaluate the effects of broadcasting vs seed bury on the germination of 15 different woody plant species in a degraded semi-arid area 2) to select woody plants that can result in higher germination percent in the field for restoration projects. To achieve the objectives, a study was carried out in the field, with a randomized complete block design (RCBD). One-way ANOVA, t-test and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The result indicated that the average germination percent for buried and broadcasted seeds were 18.1% and 5.2%, respectively. Among the broadcasted species seeds, Schinus molle achieved the highest germination (23.3%) while Terminalia browni achieved the lowest germination (0.25%). Among the different species seeds that were buried, Dolanix regia achieved the lowest germination (1.5%) while Sesbania sesban resulted in the highest germination (64%). The t-test result revealed a significant difference in the mean germination of the broadcasted and buried seeds (p<0.05). The ANOVA result also revealed significant differences in the germination of the different families of the species. For most of the studied species (86%), seed bury has resulted in higher germination percent relative to the broadcasted seeds. Therefore, it is recommended that in semi-arid degraded land, it could be better to apply seed bury than the broadcasting when there is an objective to use direct seeding for afforestation.
Area exclosure with moisture harvesting structures relative to only exclosure facilitates the restoration of woody plants in a degraded area in Alaba Kulito, Southern Ethiopia Alem, Shiferaw; Dinku, Adane
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 9 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2022.094.3585

Abstract

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of area exclosure established in a degraded area with moisture harvesting structures (EX-SWC) relative to the adjacent exclosure area without moisture harvesting structures (EX) in restoring the woody plants. Vegetation data from a total of 30 plots that has an area of 20 m x 20 m, in the EX-SWC and the adjacent EX area were collected, independently. The density of trees and seedlings, diversity, vegetation structure and Importance Value Index (IVI) were analysed. Pearson’s correlation was also used for the data analysis. The Shannon diversity index was 1.6 and 1.57 in the EX-SWC and EX area, respectively. The relative density of trees (578 stems/ha) and seedlings (1530 stems/ha) in the EX-SWC area were relatively higher than the relative density of trees (466 stems/ha) and seedlings (1202 stems/ha) in the adjacent EX area. There was no significant relationship between the number of moisture harvesting structures established in each plot and the relative density of seedlings per plot (p <0.05, R2=0.18). The relative density of seedlings at the lower height classes (1 – 60 cm) in the EX-SWC area was relatively higher than the adjacent EX area. The IVI result for most of the recorded species in the EX-SWC area was also relatively higher than in the EX area. The overall results showed that the implemented moisture harvesting structures facilitated the regeneration of woody plants in the degraded area. Therefore, we recommend implementing soil and water conservation structures in degraded area restoration projects to facilitate the regeneration of woody plants. 
Co-Authors Dinku, Adane Habrova, Hana