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Lawal, Nurudeen Samuel
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Application of activated carbon impregnated composite ceramic filters in cassava mill effluent treatment: prospects and limitations Lawal, Nurudeen Samuel; Babalola, Ayoola Abiola; Makinde, Ibrahim Olanrewaju
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 6 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2019.062.1579

Abstract

Disposal of poorly managed cassava mill effluent often results in serious environmental degradation. A low-cost treatment option was developed to alleviate this rising concern prevalent among third world processors. Frustum-shaped ceramic filters produced by mixing different proportions of sawdust and activated carbon with equal amounts of clay, kaolin and sherds powder and sintered at 850°C was assessed in this study. The results indicated pollutant removal efficiency ranging from 6.5 to 98.1% with the best removal efficiency obtained for chemical oxygen demand (COD) [97.9 - 98.1%] closely followed by biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) [71.24 - 77.14%] while (24.13 - 30.72%) and (6.5 - 71.7%) were obtained for turbidity and hydrogen cyanide respectively. The filter with 12.8% of sawdust, 5.1% of activated carbon, 7.13% of kaolin, 3.6% of sherds powder and 71.3% of clay gave the best removal efficiency. A maximum flow rate of 0.0035 L/H (LPH) was recorded with a corresponding time of first drop of 216 minutes. The high removal efficiency observed for some parameters, locally available construction materials and wastewater reuse options makes this a viable option for cassava mill effluent treatment, however, further study is required to optimize this technique to meet wastewater permissible limits.
Degrading cassava mill effluent using aerated sequencing batch reactor with palm kernel shell as medium Lawal, Nurudeen Samuel; Ogedengbe, Kolawole; Adetifa, Babatunde Olusola; Anyanwu, George Nnaemeka
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 6 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2019.063.1737

Abstract

Local cassava agro-processing industries in Nigeria generate toxic organic effluent with negative environmental impact if disposed without adequate treatment. This study examines the performance of a lab-scale aerated sequencing batch reactor (SBR) in degrading cassava mill effluent using palm kernel (Elaeis guineensis) shell (PKS) as biofilter media. Wastewater samples were collected before and after flowing through each compartment at hydraulic retention times of 3, 5 and 7 hours. Continuous aeration and nature-based degradation of the effluent recorded overall removal efficiencies of 73.5% (Hydrogen cyanide), 70.59% (BOD), 69.18% (COD), 29.93% (Turbidity), 4.92% (Sodium), 25% (Magnesium) and 14.32% (Calcium) respectively. Effluent electrical conductivity (EC) slightly increased by 7.84%. The Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) of the treated wastewater ranged from 6.9 to 7.3 while the final pH ranged from 4.5 to 4.6. The values of EC, BOD and COD were significantly different (P<0.05) along the treatment sequence, confirming the effectiveness of the chambers in reducing these pollutants. Despite achieving high removal efficiencies, the final values of most parameters still fall short of the local permissible limit signifying operational limitations and the need to optimize the system to reduce key contaminants to safe disposal limits
The impact of cassava wastewater from wet fufu paste processors on surrounding soils: a case study of Ayetoro, Ogun State, Nigeria Adegoke, Adedotun Temitope; Olowu, Babajide Emmanuel; Lawal, Nurudeen Samuel; Odusanya, Olubunmi Abosede; Banjo, Oluseun Bamidele; Oduntan, Oluwafemi Babatunde; Odugbose, Babasola Dapo
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 7 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2020.074.2319

Abstract

Cassava effluent has become a subject of growing environmental concern in developing countries largely due to ineffective disposal methods. In this study, the impact of land disposal technique by processors in Ayetoro, Ogun State Nigeria was investigated. Soil samples were collected from three disposal sites scattered across the study area at depths of 0 cm, 15 cm, 30 cm and 45 cm. Results were compared with samples obtained from control sites at a distance of 5 m from the disposal sites. The physicochemical parameters determined includes soil pH, silt, sand, clay, organic carbon, exchangeability acid, pH, total nitrogen, average phosphorous, zinc, lead, iron, sodium, copper, calcium, potassium, magnesium and manganese. The result show that the pH varies significantly across the sites. The highest concentration was recorded for phosphorous while the lowest concentration was obtained for total nitrogen. The highest concentrations were recorded at the soil surface while the lowest were recorded at 45 cm depth. Idagba recorded the highest pollutant concentration and while the lowest were obtained at kano. The activities and discharge techniques of processors had negatively impacted the soil quality which may also affect the ground water quality. There is a need to take proactive measures to protect the environment through adequate sensitization and enforcement of environmental laws.
Co-Authors Adegoke, Adedotun Temitope Adetifa, Babatunde Olusola Anyanwu, George Nnaemeka Babalola, Ayoola Abiola Banjo, Oluseun Bamidele Makinde, Ibrahim Olanrewaju Odugbose, Babasola Dapo Oduntan, Oluwafemi Babatunde Odusanya, Olubunmi Abosede Ogedengbe, Kolawole Olowu, Babajide Emmanuel