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Ajaghaku, Daniel Lotanna
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Combination Interactive Effects of Gongronema latifolium Leaves and Picralima nitida Seeds Extracts on Glucose Tolerance Egbuniwe, Maureen Ifeyinwa; Ozoani, Harrison Anezichukwu; Ajaghaku, Amara Anwuchaepe; Mbagwu, Ikechukwu Sonne; Orji, Uchechukwu Harrison; Ajaghaku, Daniel Lotanna
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.259-266

Abstract

This study evaluated the combination interactive effects of G. latifolium leaves and P. nitida seed extracts using a metabolic glucose tolerance test. The plant samples were extracted separately using cold maceration and their acute toxicities were determined. Dose-response glucose tolerant tests of both plants were done using a 2 g/kg glucose load monitored over 0 – 1h. A 41% effect isobologram was used to determine the needed dose combinations according to the principle of Loewe’s additivity model. The glucose tolerant tests of dose pairs of the combined extracts were evaluated and their combination indices were calculated to determine the nature of their interaction. The ED41 of G. latifolium (GL) and P. nitida (PN) were 180 mg/kg and 254 mg/kg respectively. The percentage reductions of GL:PN (50:160); GL:PN (100:90); and GL:PN (150:30) dose pairs were 48.23, 50.76 and 42.99 % respectively. Their combination index were calculated to be 0.91, 0.91 and 0.95 respectively - an indication of synergistic interaction. Findings from this study validate the combined use of G. latifolium leaves and P. nitida seeds in folkloric medicine. However, combining the extracts of G. latifolium: P. nitida in the dose ratios of 50:160, 100:90 and 150:30 mg/kg gave the best dose pairs with synergistic outcome.
Antimalaria Potential and Toxicological Evaluation of Synclisia scabrida (Miers) Ex Oliv Methanol Root Extract in Plasmodium berghei-infected Mice Model Nwaefulu, Ogochukwu Ngozi; Nwafor, John Ihechukwu; Ajaghaku, Daniel Lotanna; Amuchie, Ngozi Ezinwanne; Akporotu, Blessing
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.707-715

Abstract

Despite the artemisinin-based combination therapy for malaria treatment, it remains a public health concern globally. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel antimalarial drugs to arrest this perceived threat to global malaria control. This study aims to investigate the antimalarial potential of S. scabrida (SS) and evaluate its possible effect on haematological and biochemical parameters. Malaria was inoculated in mice using Plasmodium berghei. After 72 h, they were orally treated for four days as follows: Group 1: 10 mL/kg % Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO); Group 2: 140 mg/kg Artemether/lumefantrine; Groups 3, 4 and 5: 500, 250, 125 mg/kg SS methanolic extract, respectively. SS methanolic extract significantly reduced parasite density and percentage parasitemia (p < 0.05) at all doses used in the study, non-significantly increased haematological, biochemical parameters and distorted liver architecture; when compared to the negative control. SS methanolic extract exhibited good antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei. Lower SS dose did not cause significant changes to the lipid profiles. However, the high dose may not be safe since there were some adverse effects shown on the liver and kidney status. Further studies are warranted to determine the effect of the middle and the lowest doses on the liver and kidney.
Effects of Methanolic Leaf Extract and Fractions of Irvingia Gabonensis on Hematological Parameters in Wistar Rats with Splenomegaly Okoben, Fidelia Chikaodili; Ejiofor, InnocentMary Ifedibaluchukwu; Mbagwu, Ikechukwu Sonn; Ajaghaku, Daniel Lotanna; Anowi, Fredrick Chinedu
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 3 Issue 1
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0301176

Abstract

Splenomegaly is a medical condition characterized by an enlargement of the spleen, an organ located in the upper left part of the abdomen, beneath the ribcage. The spleen plays various essential roles in the body, including filtering blood, removing old or damaged blood cells, and helping the immune system by producing and storing immune cells. Splenomegaly causes negative haematological effects. It is very common in Africa and Asia. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of methanol leaf extract and fractions of Irvingia gabonensis on haematological parameters in splenomegaly-induced Wistar rats. Extraction and fractionation of the plant were carried out through standard procedure using methanol, hexane, butanol and ethyl acetate. A qualitative phytochemical evaluation of the plant was done. The effects of the extract and fractions of Irvingia gabonensis were investigated using a rat model. The presence of various phytochemicals like alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, and tannins was observed in the extract and fractions of the plant. The methanolic extract and ethylacetate fraction significantly caused the normalization of PCV, HB, and RBC post-treatment. The findings from this study suggest that Irvingia gabonensis could be researched further for the management of splenomegaly and also the isolation of phytochemicals responsible for these effects.
Co-Authors Ajaghaku, Amara Anwuchaepe Akporotu, Blessing Amuchie, Ngozi Ezinwanne Anowi, Fredrick Chinedu Egbuniwe, Maureen Ifeyinwa Ejiofor, InnocentMary Ifedibaluchukwu Mbagwu, Ikechukwu Sonn Mbagwu, Ikechukwu Sonne Nwaefulu, Ogochukwu Ngozi Nwafor, John Ihechukwu Okoben, Fidelia Chikaodili Orji, Uchechukwu Harrison Ozoani, Harrison Anezichukwu