Background:  Infertility is a multidimensional probÂÂlem. This problem occurs not only because of health problems related to anatomic factors such as problems in the fallopian tubes, ovaries, and endoÂÂÂmetrium, but also there are more factors such as physiological, genetic, and environmental facÂtors. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the incidence of inferÂtility in women.Subjects and Method: A case control study was conducted at the Gynecology Obstetrics PolyÂclinic and Sekar Fertility Clinic, Dr. Moewardi hosÂpital, Surakarta, Central Java, from October to November 2019. A sample of 200 women repÂroÂÂductive age was selected by fixed disease sampÂling. The dependent variable was infertility. The indeÂpenÂdent variables were age, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, endoÂmetriosis, family hisÂtory, exposure to cigarette smoke, and stress. The data were obtained from medical record and questionÂnaire. The data were analyzed by path analysis run on Stata 13.Results: Infertility in women was directly increased with age 35 years (b= 1.20; 95% CI= 0.18 to 2.22; p= 0.021), BMI <18 or ≥25 (b= 2.93; 95% CI= 1.95 to 3.91; p<0.001), high phyÂsical activity (b= 1.30; 95% CI= 0.28 to 2.33; p= 0.013), endometriosis (b= 1.17; 95% CI= 0.20 to 2.13; p= 0.018), exposure to cigarette smoke (b= 1.19; 95% CI= 0.20 to 2.23; p= 0.023), and severe stress (b= 1.18; 95% CI= 0.27 to 2.08; p= 0.011). InÂferÂÂtility in women was indirectly increased with age, physical activity, and family history of inferÂtile.Conclusion: Infertility in women is directly inÂcreasÂed with age 35 years, BMI <18 or ≥25, high phyÂsical activity, endometriosis, exposure to cigaÂretÂÂÂte smoke, and severe stress. Infertility in women is indirectly increased with age, physical actiÂvity, and family history of infertile.Keywords: female infertility, risk factors, path analyÂsisCorrespondence: Luthfia Zauma. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, 57126. Email:el.chizauma@gmail.com. Mobile: 0813379 77377.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 5(2): 173-181https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.02.07