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Panji and Sekartaji on the move Kieven, Lydia
Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia Vol. 21, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Since the millenium, the Panji tradition has undergone an increasing process of revitalization and transformation in Java. It shows a broad spectrum of concepts and forms: benefit of a long forgotten cultural heritage, academic approach, popularization, innovation, and its use for strengthening cultural identity. Starting on a grass-roots and community level of artists, intellectuals, and villagers, focusing on the manifestation of values and symbolism, the Panjimania has entered governmental and institutional level throughout recent years, focusing on popularization of art and entertainment in big formats. This boom is also reflected in research and publications on an academic and semi-academic level. The paper discusses the complexity within the state-of-the-art discourse on cultural heritage, for example the risks of instrumentalization, and its major trajectories and potential of this living heritage for the future.
“The wandering poet”; Depictions on ancient Javanese relief panels Kieven, Lydia
Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia Vol. 23, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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A bstract There are about 60 panels with narrative reliefs from the area of Trowulan in East Java depicting mountains, rivers, bridges, trees, fields, dwellings, pendopo, and palaces. A male figure wearing a cap-like headdress accompanied by a little panakawan-like figure, walks along a cobbled path through a beautiful landscape. The figures are carved in the simple style of East Javanese reliefs on Majapahit temples. The predominance of nature, in amazing detail, is unusual compared to other narrative temple reliefs. The exact provenance is difficult to determine. The artefacts are scattered in museums all over the world: the majority in Trowulan, as well as a large convolute in Jakarta, in Amsterdam, and elsewhere. Fixing the order of the panels is a challenge. This paper discusses two major topics: (A) presenting depictions of landscape and nature in visual art; (B) comparison with Old Javanese texts narrating journeys through landscape and nature. These exercises will provide some conclusions about the function of landscape and nature in the reliefs and their purpose at their original sites. Questions on provenance will also be raised, including the documentation practice of the colonial Dutch and Indonesian Archaeological Services. A number of the panels have been documented by the OD (Dutch Oudheidkundige Dienst), archived in OD photos entitled “Reliefs from Trowulan”, other panels have been documented as being from the site Menak Jinggo in Trowulan. In my paper, I call the reliefs under investigation the “Trowulan reliefs”. N.J. Krom’s (1923) suggestion of doing research on the convolute of these reliefs has never been undertaken, now 100 years later it is time to do so.
PAÑJI AND CANDRAKIRANA LOST IN SEPARATION – THREE ANCIENT EAST JAVANESE SCULPTURES Kieven, Lydia
AMERTA Vol. 34 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

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Abstrak. Pañji dan Candrakirana, Hilang karena Terpisah – Tiga Arca Kuno Periode Jawa Timur. Makalah ini membahas tiga arca, satu arca lelaki dan dua arca perempuan, yang berasal dari periode Jawa Timur (sekitar 1450 M). Arca lelaki yang biasa ditemukenali sebagai tokoh mitologis, yaitu Raden Pañji, dalam penggambaran aslinya didampingi oleh arca yang menggambarkan Putri Candrakirana sebagai pasangannya. Arca ini sudah hilang. Sebuah arca perempuan lain yang masih ada juga diyakini sebagai representasi Candrakirana. Berdasarkan metode ikonologi yang digunakan di dalam penelitian ini, tulisan ini membahas ikonografi, gaya dan perbandingan penggambaran tiga figur ini, serta mendiskusikan tempat pembuatan, asal-usulnya, dan kisah hidupnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setidaknya terdapat dua pasang penggambaran Pañji dan Candrakirana, dan kemungkinan masih banyak lagi yang belum ditemukenali. Pemujaan Pañji dan Candrakirana sebagai semi-manusia dan semi-dewa adalah bagian religiusitas spesifik dalam zaman Majapahit. Kata Kunci: Jawa Timur, Majapahit, Pañji, Candrakirana Abstract. This paper discusses three sculptures, a male and two female ones, dating to the East Javanese period (c. 1450 AD). The male image which is commonly identified as the depiction of the mythological Prince Pañji, originally was accompanied by a statue depicting his female counterpart Princess Candrakirana, this statue being lost today. Another female statue, still extant today, is argued to represent another depiction of Candrakirana. Based on the method of iconology, this study investigates the iconography, style, and the comparison of these images, and it raises questions of workshops, provenance and life history. The conclusion suggests the existence of at least two pairs of sculptures depicting Pañji and Candrakirana, and possibly a larger – so far – unknown number. The cult of worshipping Pañji and Candrakirana as semidivine deities makes part of the specific religiosity during the Majapahit time. Keywords: East Java, Majapahit, Pañji, Candrakirana