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R.Z. Margate
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LONG-TERM COCONUT LEAF PRUNING (CLP) EFFECTS ON CBFS: COCONUT-COFFEE AGROECOSYSTEM L.H. Canja; S.S. Magat; R.Z. Margate
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 19 No 02 (2003): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v19i02.374

Abstract

A long-term study on the response of ‘Laguna’ tall (LAGT) palms and coffee intercrop to coconut leaf pruning (CLP) was conducted at the PCA-Davao Research Center from 1993 to 2001 to determine the effect of coconut leaf pruning on the productivity of coconut + coffee cropping system. The coconut leaf pruning technique did not significantly affect the yield and nutrition of coconut in all the years of observation. However, lower number of nut and weight of copra per tree were observed on palms with CLP than those without CLP, but with a slight improvement in copra weight per nut. Likewise, CLP did not affect the coffee yield and leaf nutrient levels. Among the coffee varieties tested, the Excelsa had the highest green bean yield. The Robusta (Ivory Coast and Philippine strains) and Arabica had similar yield and crop nutritional status. While they had similar leaf N, K and B contents that were higher than that of Excelsa, they also had lower leaf levels of Ca, Cl and S. Coffee needs, 1,000-3,000 foot-candles of sunlight, which is within the available light transmission (1,750-4,050 foot-candles) under palms with and without CLP. Hence, CLP is not necessary anymore in coconut with coffee intercrop.
THE CHLORINE NEEDS OF COCONUTS S.S. Magat; R.Z. Margate
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 6 No 01 (1990): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v6i01.236

Abstract

A study designed to determine the nutritional needs of coconut from nursery to full‑bearing was conducted from 1974 to 1988 in a Cl-­deficient soil (Topic Tropudalf) of Davao, Southern Philippines. At nursery stage, only chlorine application improved the growth of the seedlings based on girth size which was highly correlated with increased leaf Cl. During the first five years in the field, K and Cl significantly influenced the growth of the palms which were positively correlated to ail growth parameters, i.e. girth, number of leaflets, living fronds and leaf production. During the fifth year, Cl‑fertilization resul­ted in 115% more flowering palms than the unfertilized ones. From then on, Cl application consistently increased nut production, copra weight per nut and copra yield per tree which was correlated with leaf Cl. However, the positive effects of other nutrients like N, K and Mg on yield as well as interaction effects were inconsistent over the years. The nutritional needs of palms for Cl at the nursery stage is 30 g Cl per seedling. Under field condition, the requirement increases with age from 40 g to 1,000 g per palm leveling off at fifth year from planting.
DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTERIZED FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS FOR COCONUT (BASED ON FOLIAR ANALYSIS) USING A LOTUS 123 SOFTWARE PACKAGE SYSTEM R.Z. MARGATE; M.I. SECRETARIA; S.S. MAGAT; L.M. ALFORJA
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 8 No 01 (1992): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v8i01.256

Abstract

A Lotus 123‑based system computer program was developed for fertilizer recommendation of local tall verieties and Dwarf x Tall hybrid coconuts using foliar analysis results. The computer program which is coded as PCA‑FERT. PRG. Version 1.0 utilized the average fertilizer recommendation formulated by Philippine Coconut Authority based on the Authority's 20 years; of research experience on the nutrition and fertilization of coconut in the country. As a first attempt towards the computerization of research outputs on coconut nutrition and fertilization, the program, should facilitate the faster assessment of existing coconut stands in terms of its nutritional status and fertilizer needs. The effective utilization of this program coupled with the researcher's knowledge and expertise on the use of foliar analysis results. will contribute much to the formulation of an accurate and reliable fertilizer recommendation.
RESPONSE OF COCONUT AND COFFEE TO FERTILIZERS APPLIED ON EITHER OR BOTH CROPS IN AN INTERCROPPING SYSTEM R.Z. Margate; J.N. Maravilla; R.M. Ebuna; M.N. Eroy
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 10 No 02 (1994): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v10i02.282

Abstract

A study to assess the effects of fertilizer application on either coconut or coffee or both, in an intercropping system was conducted from 1985 to 1991. at the Davao Research Center, Mindanao, Philippines. The coconuts were planted at 8 m x 8 m square system. Fertilizer application on coconut intercropped with either fertilized or unfertilized coffee increased copra yield significantly. A very slight increase in copra per nut was noted on un‑fertilized coconut even with fertilized coffee inter­crop indicating coconut did not benefit from the fertilizers applied on coffee. Bean yield of fertilized coffee was increased significantly by 202 percent under fertilized or unfertilized coconuts. But yield of unfertilized coffee did not increase even under fertilized coconut. There is a need to apply fertilizers separately to both crops. Economic analysis revealed that fertilizer application to both coconut and coffee gave the highest net return, followed by fertilizer application on coffee alone.
RESPONSE OF COCONUT TO INCREASING LEVELS OF LEAF PRUNING AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON FARM PRODUCTIVITY S.S. Magat; L.H. Canja; R.Z. Margate
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 10 No 02 (1994): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v10i02.283

Abstract

Effects on nut production and copra (wt/nut and yield/tree of four leaf pruning conditions (LP): control (no LP); LP from leaf 24; leaf 19 and leaf 14 with 31, 23, 18 and 13, remaining leaves on each palm, respectively, was studied on adult bearing palms at the Davao Research Center, Philippine Coconut Authority. As a reference point, leaf 1 is considered as the youngest expanded leaf, while leaf 19, the one supporting the 7‑8 month old developing nuts or buko. Except in the first year of LP of which nut and copra yields under all LP conditions were similar to the unpruned palms, the following second and third years of LP indicated that leaf pruning from leaf 19 or maintaining only the 18 younger, upper leaves of the tree crown strongly showed the capability of the coconut to still support the normal development and maturity of nuts. As a result of LP, sunlight transmission to intercrops increased by about 120% compared to unpruned palms. This was translated to higher intercrop yield of corn (2.16 t increased to 3.71 t/ha) which is strongly attributed to the average 4,000 ft candles of sunlight (190.5 PAR) observed with LP from leaf 19 and the rest of the leaves below. In relation to increased sunlight transmission, intercropping, water economy and drought tolerance, pest and disease control and added income from pruned leaves, implications of LP are pointed out.
Co-Authors J.N. Maravilla L.H. Canja L.M. ALFORJA M.I. Secretaria M.N. Eroy R.M. Ebuna S.S. Magat