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Erwidodo, nFN
Pusat Penelitian Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian, Bogor Jl. Jend Ahmad Yani No.70 Bogor
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Pendugaan Permintaan Pangan Utama di Indonesia: Penerapan Model Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) dengan Data Susenas 1990 Rachmat, Muchjidin; Erwidodo, nFN
Jurnal Agro Ekonomi Vol 12, No 2 (1993): Jurnal Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (748.288 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jae.v12n2.1993.24-38

Abstract

This paper aims at presenting the estimation results of an Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) for main food namely, rice, corn, soybeans, sugar and other, using 1990's SUSENAS data. In addition to estimating the parameter from the pooled data, the demand parameters were also estimated regionally (urban and rural separately) as well as from household's income perspective. Moreover, the estimation was also undertaken using both individual household and group of household in particular block census as a sample unit. The results reveal that the budget share of rice is more than 80 percent of the total budget expenditure for food, very much higher compared to the budget share of corn (14.6%), sugar (12.6%), soybeans (2.2%) and other food (5.8%). Own price elasticity of rice is the highest among other food, that is 0.76, followed by corn (0.55), and sugar (0.54). Demand for food in rural area, with the exception for sugar, is more elastic than that in urban area. In general, there is a somewhat difference on demand elasticities between income groups. The results also show that the income elasticity of demand for food is elastic enough, indicating that the demand for food in the near future is expected to increase with the increases on household's income.
Stochastic Production Frontier and Panel Data: Measuring Production Efficiency of Wetland Rice Farms in West Java Erwidodo, nFN
Jurnal Agro Ekonomi Vol 11, No 1 (1992): Jurnal Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jae.v11n1.1992.19-36

Abstract

IndonesianParameter fungsi produksi yang diestimasi secara statistik, yang umumnya dilakukan dengan metoda estimasi Least Square (LS), merupakan parameter dari fungsi produksi rataan (average). Dengan cara ini, tingkat (in) efisiensi teknis,  sebagaimana disebutkan dalam teori ekonomi produksi, sulit untuk dihitung. Konsep estimasi fungsi produksi frontier, yang belakangan ini mulai populer, memungkinkan kita untuk mengestimasi tingkat inefisiensi produksi secara lebih tepat dan konsisten dengan teori ekonomi produksi. Fungsi produksi frontier ini dapat diduga dengan menggunakan data cross-section maupun dengan data panel. Ketersediaan data panel memungkinkan pendugaan tingkat inefisiensi produksi secara lebih konsisten dengan cukup menggunakan metoda modifikasi dari LS. Dalam tulisan ini dikemukakan konsep dan penerapan fungsi produksi frontier dengan menggunakan data panel dari usahatani padi sawah dibeberapa daerah produsen padi sawah dikawasan DAS Cimanuk, Jawa Barat. Hasil analisa memperlihatkan bahwa tingkat inefisiensi teknis dalam produksi padi sawah berkisar antara 3,4 - 12 persen, atau rata-rata 6.5 persen. Dengan menggunakan asumsi tertentu, secara kasar dapat diduga jumlah kehilangan hasil produksi padi di Jawa Barat sebesar 0.45 juta ton per tahun.
Kajian Sistem Permintaan Pangan Di Indonesia Rachman, Handewi P.S.; Erwidodo, nFN
Jurnal Agro Ekonomi Vol 13, No 2 (1994): Jurnal Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jae.v13n2.1994.72-89

Abstract

This paper is aimed at analyzing food demand system in Indonesia using the 1990's National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) data. Using an Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS), the food demand parameters and elasticities were estimated both in aggregated and disaggregated levels, that is an urban-rural and household's income disaggregation, respectively. The results show that during 1987-1990 period, the share of food expenditure in general has been declining relative to non-food, indicating an increasing welfare of the society. Nevertheless, the increase in welfare appears to be enjoyed by urban citizen than those living in the rural areas. This conclusion is also supported by the fact that the expenditure shares on protein-food (fish, meat, eggs, milk, and legumes) in urban area are higher than those in the rural area. The analysis found that: (1) the price demand elasticity for a number of food groups, including cereals and tuber, tend to decline as income increasing, (2) the income elasticity of demand for cereals is lower as income levels get higher, and the opposite is true for the protein-sources of food. The results of this analysis is therefore confirm that increasing income of the society will go along with the promotion of food diversification in consumption.
Model Multinomial Logit dan Aplikasinya dalam Analisa Proses Adopsi Varietas Padi Erwidodo, nFN
Jurnal Agro Ekonomi Vol 9, No 1 (1990): Jurnal Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jae.v9n1.1990.1-11

Abstract

EnglishA Multinomial or multivariate logit model is, unlike logit model, rarely used for analyzing adoption processes of new agricultural technology in Indonesia. This model is more flexible in terms of its capability to accomodate a multiple-choice decision making process faced by farmer. This article attempts to present a multinomial logit model and its application in assessing a varietal adoption process in rice farming. The discusion focuses on result interpretation, not policy implications due to the fact that the data used in this analysis is relatively outdated. The result shows that price of paddy (gabah) received by farmer, price of fertilizer, labor wages, and total area planted are important determinant for varietal adoption processes. Implementing any policies which tends to favor consumers will, therefore, discourage the adoption of new varieties, which in the long run against the government's effort of maintaining rice-self sufficiency.IndonesianModel multinomial atau multivariate logit, tidak seperti model logit, masih jarang diterapkan dalam menganalisa proses adopsi teknologi usahatani di Indonesia. Model ini lebih fleksibel karena dapat mengakomodasikan berbagai pilihan yang dihadapi oleh pengambilan keputusan, tidak terbatas hanya dua pilihan sebagaimana dalam model logit. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetengahkan model multinomial logit dan penerapannya dalam menganalisa proses adopsi varietas padi. Penekanan diberikan pada interpretasi hasil analisa, bukan implikasi kebijaksanaan, mengingat data yang dipergunakan relatif kedaluarsa. Dari hasil analisa empiris adopsi varietas unggul padi di wilayah DAS Cimanuk, diketahui bahwa harga keluaran dan masukan sangat menentukan peluang diterapkannya varietas unggul. Harga gabah yang petani, harga pupuk, upah tenaga kerja dan luas lahan garapan sangat menentukan peluang pilihan varietas yang ditanam petani. Kebijaksanaan harga gabah yang terlalu condong kepada kepentingan konsumen, akan menghambat proses adopsi varietas baru yang pada akhimya menghambat upaya mempertahankan swasembada beras.
Co-Authors Rachman, Handewi P.S. Rachmat, Muchjidin