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Qodriyatun, Sri Nurhayati
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Bencana Banjir: Pengawasan dan Pengendalian Pemanfaatan Ruang Berdasarkan UU Penataan Ruang dan RUU Cipta Kerja Qodriyatun, Sri Nurhayati
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 11, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Badan Keahlian DPR RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46807/aspirasi.v11i1.1590

Abstract

Floods almost occurred in most parts of Indonesia, including in Bengkulu. The cause of floods in Bengkulu is more due to human behavior factors, namely massive land conversion. Even though the Spatial Planning Law already regulates how the use of space should be done and how to control it. On the other hand, the government is currently planning to change the rules regarding spatial planning to facilitate licensing in investment through the Job Creation Bill. In the bill, the authority of spatial planning is the authority of the central government. The problem is how the supervision and control of spatial use are carried out in Bengkulu and what about the supervision of spatial use control later if the spatial planning authority is centralized in the central government? By using a literature study, the study shows that the central government and the regional government of Bengkulu have not conducted supervision and control over spatial use as stipulated in the Spatial Planning Law. It was proven that it only conducted a review of Bengkulu Province Spatial Planning without conducting law enforcement for violations of spatial use. On the other hand, the spatial audit conducted by the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning was not running as it should. If the authority of spatial planning is centralized to the central government, as stated in the Job Creation Bill, it is feared that the misuse of spatial use in the regions will increase. Likewise, the occurrence of the flood as a result of increased environmental damage due to spatial use that is not following its designation and function. Therefore, it is necessary to review again the plan to revoke the authority of spatial planning at the regency/city level and the provincial government level in the Job Creation Bill.AbstrakBanjir hampir terjadi di sebagian besar wilayah Indonesia, termasuk di Bengkulu. Penyebab banjir di Bengkulu lebih dikarenakan faktor perilaku manusia, yaitu alih fungsi lahan yang masif. Padahal Undang-Undang tentang Penataan Ruang (UU Penataan Ruang) sudah mengatur bagaimana pemanfaatan ruang seharusnya dilakukan dan bagaimana pengendaliannya. Di sisi lain, saat ini pemerintah berencana akan mengubah aturan mengenai penataan ruang ini untuk mempermudah perizinan dalam investasi melalui RUU tentang Cipta Kerja. RUU mengatur kewenangan penataan ruang merupakan kewenangan pemerintah pusat. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana pengawasan dan pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang dilakukan di Bengkulu dan bagaimana dengan pengawasan pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang nantinya jika kewenangan penataan ruang dipusatkan di pemerintah pusat? Studi literatur digunakan untuk mengkaji dan hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah pusat maupun Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Bengkulu belum melakukan pengawasan dan pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang sebagaimana yang diatur dalam UU Penataan Ruang. Terbukti hanya melakukan review RTRW Provinsi Bengkulu tanpa melakukan penegakan hukum atas pelanggaran pemanfaatan ruang. Di sisi lain, audit tata ruang yang dilakukan Kementerian ATR/BPN tidak berjalan sebagaimana mestinya. Jika kewenangan penataan ruang dipusatkan ke pemerintah pusat, sebagaimana disebutkan dalam RUU Cipta Kerja, dikhawatirkan penyalahgunaan pemanfaatan ruang di daerah semakin meningkat. Demikian juga dengan kejadian banjir sebagai dampak dari meningkatnya kerusakan lingkungan akibat pemanfaatan ruang yang tidak sesuai peruntukan dan fungsinya. Oleh karena itu, perlu kiranya ditinjau kembali mengenai rencana mencabut kewenangan penataan ruang di tingkat kabupaten/ kota dan di tingkat pemerintah provinsi dalam RUU Cipta Kerja.
Bencana Banjir: Pengawasan dan Pengendalian Pemanfaatan Ruang Berdasarkan UU Penataan Ruang dan RUU Cipta Kerja Qodriyatun, Sri Nurhayati
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 11, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46807/aspirasi.v11i1.1590

Abstract

Floods almost occurred in most parts of Indonesia, including in Bengkulu. The cause of floods in Bengkulu is more due to human behavior factors, namely massive land conversion. Even though the Spatial Planning Law already regulates how the use of space should be done and how to control it. On the other hand, the government is currently planning to change the rules regarding spatial planning to facilitate licensing in investment through the Job Creation Bill. In the bill, the authority of spatial planning is the authority of the central government. The problem is how the supervision and control of spatial use are carried out in Bengkulu and what about the supervision of spatial use control later if the spatial planning authority is centralized in the central government? By using a literature study, the study shows that the central government and the regional government of Bengkulu have not conducted supervision and control over spatial use as stipulated in the Spatial Planning Law. It was proven that it only conducted a review of Bengkulu Province Spatial Planning without conducting law enforcement for violations of spatial use. On the other hand, the spatial audit conducted by the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning was not running as it should. If the authority of spatial planning is centralized to the central government, as stated in the Job Creation Bill, it is feared that the misuse of spatial use in the regions will increase. Likewise, the occurrence of the flood as a result of increased environmental damage due to spatial use that is not following its designation and function. Therefore, it is necessary to review again the plan to revoke the authority of spatial planning at the regency/city level and the provincial government level in the Job Creation Bill.AbstrakBanjir hampir terjadi di sebagian besar wilayah Indonesia, termasuk di Bengkulu. Penyebab banjir di Bengkulu lebih dikarenakan faktor perilaku manusia, yaitu alih fungsi lahan yang masif. Padahal Undang-Undang tentang Penataan Ruang (UU Penataan Ruang) sudah mengatur bagaimana pemanfaatan ruang seharusnya dilakukan dan bagaimana pengendaliannya. Di sisi lain, saat ini pemerintah berencana akan mengubah aturan mengenai penataan ruang ini untuk mempermudah perizinan dalam investasi melalui RUU tentang Cipta Kerja. RUU mengatur kewenangan penataan ruang merupakan kewenangan pemerintah pusat. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana pengawasan dan pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang dilakukan di Bengkulu dan bagaimana dengan pengawasan pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang nantinya jika kewenangan penataan ruang dipusatkan di pemerintah pusat? Studi literatur digunakan untuk mengkaji dan hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah pusat maupun Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Bengkulu belum melakukan pengawasan dan pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang sebagaimana yang diatur dalam UU Penataan Ruang. Terbukti hanya melakukan review RTRW Provinsi Bengkulu tanpa melakukan penegakan hukum atas pelanggaran pemanfaatan ruang. Di sisi lain, audit tata ruang yang dilakukan Kementerian ATR/BPN tidak berjalan sebagaimana mestinya. Jika kewenangan penataan ruang dipusatkan ke pemerintah pusat, sebagaimana disebutkan dalam RUU Cipta Kerja, dikhawatirkan penyalahgunaan pemanfaatan ruang di daerah semakin meningkat. Demikian juga dengan kejadian banjir sebagai dampak dari meningkatnya kerusakan lingkungan akibat pemanfaatan ruang yang tidak sesuai peruntukan dan fungsinya. Oleh karena itu, perlu kiranya ditinjau kembali mengenai rencana mencabut kewenangan penataan ruang di tingkat kabupaten/ kota dan di tingkat pemerintah provinsi dalam RUU Cipta Kerja.
Kesiapan Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Riau dan Sumatera Selatan dalam Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Restorasi Gambut Qodriyatun, Sri Nurhayati
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 8, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (867.601 KB) | DOI: 10.46807/aspirasi.v8i2.1260

Abstract

Peatland restoration policy was launched by the government to reduce negative impacts of forest and land fires on peatlands. Riau Province and South Sumatera Province are two provinces in the list of priority locations of the implementation of peatland restoration policy in 2016. What raises as a problem is the nature of preparedness of the two provinces in implementing the policy. Through qualitative research conducted in 2016, the research showed that South Sumatera Province is better prepared in implementing policy, as seen from the implemented program, prepared resources, and commitment of regional head in the implementation of the policy. However, policy implementation is constrained by the absence of regulations to support policy implementation in the province. In the future, there are some needs for (1) coordination between central and regional governments in each activity plan; (2) regulation to support the use of donor funds for implementation of the policy at regional levels; (3) social mapping and economic mapping of KHG mapping; (4) evaluation on moratorium on permits and licenses for peatlands; and (5) improvement on law enforcement.  Kebijakan restorasi gambut diluncurkan pemerintah untuk mengurangi dampak negatif kebakaran hutan dan lahan di lahan gambut. Provinsi Riau dan Sumatera Selatan adalah dua provinsi yang menjadi prioritas lokasi pelaksanaan kebijakan restorasi gambut di tahun 2016. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana kesiapan kedua provinsi tersebut dalam pelaksanaan kebijakan tersebut? Melalui penelitian kualitatif yang dilakukan pada tahun 2016, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah daerah Provinsi Sumatera Selatan lebih siap melaksanakan kebijakan restorasi gambut, terlihat dari program yang dilaksanakan, sumber daya yang disiapkan, dan komitmen kepala daerah dalam pelaksanaan kebijakan. Namun pelaksanaan kebijakan terkendala oleh tidak adanya regulasi untuk mendukung pelaksanaan kebijakan di daerah. Untuk itu, ke depan perlu ada: (1) koordinasi antara pemerintah pusat dengan daerah dalam setiap rencana kegiatan; (2) regulasi yang mendukung pemanfaatan dana donor untuk pelaksanaan restorasi gambut di daerah; (3) pemetaan sosial dan pemetaan ekonomi dalam pemetaan KHG; (4) evaluasi moratorium izin di lahan gambut; dan (5) peningkatan penegakan hukum.
Implementasi Kebijakan Pengembangan Pariwisata Berkelanjutan di Karimunjawa Qodriyatun, Sri Nurhayati
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 9, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (684.272 KB) | DOI: 10.46807/aspirasi.v9i2.1110

Abstract

Tourism has been the backbone of Indonesia’s economy in the last three years.Contribution of tourism to national GDP is expected to increase to 15% by 2019. Those target is encouraging the development of tourism in many tourist potential areas, such as Karimunjawa. Karimunjawa is an area of 27 small islands including 22 protected islands within the area (Karimunjawa National Park). The Government has made policies in the development of tourism on small islands. The problem is on the implementation of those policy in Karimunjawa from the point of view of policy maker, policy implementer, and target group (Karimunjawa community). The result of a qualitative research conducted in 2018 on tourism development in Karimunjawa showed that tourism development in Karimunjawa has not been sustainable. Even though it has opened up new jobs and added income to the community, there has been changes of community’s values and environmental damage on some spot areas. There is a need for an integrated plan that involves many sectors and stakeholders. The plan includes spatial planning, calculation of its carrying capacity (ecological, physical, and social), analysis or study on environmental impact, utilization of natural resources in an environmentally friendly manner, and roles and responsibilities of each stakeholder involved in tourism development. There is also a need for visitor quota based on the calculation of carrying capacity as well as additional attractions to increase the length of tourist visits. AbstrakPariwisata telah menjadi backbone perekonomian Indonesia dalam tiga tahun terakhir. Pemerintah menargetkan kontribusi sektor pariwisata terhadap PDB nasional meningkat menjadi 15% pada tahun 2019. Target tersebut mendorong dikembangkannya pariwisata di daerah-daerah yang memiliki potensi pariwisata, seperti Karimunjawa. Karimunjawa merupakan daerah kepulauan dengan 27 pulau kecil di dalamnya dengan 22 pulau di antaranya berada dalam kawasan konservasi (Taman Nasional Karimunjawa). Pemerintah telah menyusun kebijakan untuk pengembangan pariwisata di pulau-pulau kecil agar berkelanjutan. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana implementasi kebijakan tersebut dalam pengembangan pariwisata di Karimunjawa dilihat dari sudut pandang penyusun kebijakan, pelaksana kebijakan, dan target group (masyarakat Karimunjawa). Penelitian kualitatif yang dilakukan pada tahun 2018 terhadap pengembangan pariwisata di Karimunjawa memperlihatkan bahwa pengembangan pariwisata di Karimunjawa belum berkelanjutan. Karena meskipun secara ekonomi telah membuka lapangan kerja baru dan menambah penghasilan di masyarakat, namun secara sosial telah terjadi perubahan nilai dalam masyarakat dan secara ekologis telah terjadi kerusakan lingkungan. Perlu ada satu perencanaan yang terintegrasi yang melibatkan berbagai sektor dan stakeholders. Perencanaan tersebut memuat penataan ruangnya, perhitungan daya dukungnya (daya dukung ekologis, daya dukung fisik, dan daya dukung sosial), studi AMDAL atau UKL/UPL nya, pemanfaatan sumber daya alam secara ramah lingkungan, serta peran dan tanggung jawab dari setiap stakeholders yang terlibat dalam pengembangan pariwisata. Selain itu, perlu ada penetapan kuota pengunjung didasarkan perhitungan daya dukung dan menambah atraksi untuk meningkatkan lama kunjungan wisata.
PENINGKATAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT PESISIR DI KOTA BATAM MELALUI PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT Qodriyatun, Sri Nurhayati
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 4, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (571.325 KB) | DOI: 10.46807/aspirasi.v4i2.504

Abstract

High economic growth in Batam has been marginalized local communities. They were living in coastal areal as a fishing community and live in poverty. Government of Batam has a variety of empowerment programs to improve the well-being live of them. But it still unsuccessful because the empowerment program only give them capital, lacking in securing access of community to natural resources. Coastal natural resources are assets for coastal communities. Therefore, there are two main things that must be done to empower coastal communities, which provide security of access to natural resources and provide capital for business.
MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH BERDASARKAN UU NO. 18 TAHUN 2008 Qodriyatun, Sri Nurhayati
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 5, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (767.441 KB) | DOI: 10.46807/aspirasi.v5i1.450

Abstract

People have always produced waste and it is become a problem if not managed properly. The Act No.18 of 2008 on Waste Management has shift the paradigm of waste management to a resource that has economic value useful for human life as to improve the welfare of society. This research used a qualitative approach with descriptive method, which aims at describing waste management based on the Act No. 18 of 2008 so as to improve the welfare of society. The results showed that waste management as mandated by the Act No. 18 of 2008, has brought many benefits for the improvement of the well-being of the community in the city of Malang. With a strong commitment, local government found innovative ways in utilizing waste in the city.
Konsesi Konservasi Melalui Kebijakan Restorasi Ekosistem di Hutan Produksi Qodriyatun, Sri Nurhayati
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 7, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (899.29 KB) | DOI: 10.46807/aspirasi.v7i1.1279

Abstract

Ecosystem restoration in production forest is one of the government’s efforts to improve the damaged production forests by involving private sector through implementation of the conservation concession. Conservation concession is a new concept in forest management which is expected to save the forest, and still provide economic and social benefits for the community. In conservation concession, the ecological, economical, and social aspects were being maintained as one. However, ecosystem restoration is not yet to be implemented with the overall principle of conservation concession, such as the licensing process is not conducted through market mechanism, the application fee is not equally applied between ecosystem restoration concession and other concessions; not transparent, the area is not clean and clear; and no set rule on the possibility of logging in ecosystem restoration concessions. Therefore, the government needs to ensure several things including to reserved the area to be free of conflicts of tenure, to reduce the amount of fee charged, to abolish the rules that granting logging on ecosystem restoration concession, and to provide incentive for the concessions that had managed to restore the production forest. Kebijakan restorasi ekosistem di hutan produksi adalah salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk memperbaiki hutan produksi yang rusak dengan melibatkan swasta melalui penerapan konsep konsesi konservasi. Konsesi konservasi adalah satu konsep baru dalam pengelolaan hutan yang diharapkan dapat untuk menyelamatkan hutan di satu sisi, tetapi tetap memberikan manfaat ekonomi dan sosial bagi masyarakat. Melalui konsesi konservasi, aspek ekologi, ekonomi, dan sosial berjalan bersama dalam satu pengelolaan hutan. Namun pelaksanaan restorasi ekosistem belum menerapkan keseluruhan prinsip konsesi konservasi dan masih terdapat beberapa kelemahan, seperti proses perizinan yang tidak dilakukan melalui mekanisme pasar, penerapan iuran yang diberlakukan sama antara konsesi restorasi ekosistem dengan konsesi lainnya, tidak transparan, areal yang dicadangkan tidak clean and clear, serta adanya aturan dimungkinkannya penebangan di konsesi restorasi ekosistem. Untuk itu, ke depan pemerintah perlu menjamin lahan yang dicadangkan bebas dari konflik tenurial, pengurangan besaran iuran yang dibebankan, dihapuskannya aturan pemberian izin penebangan pada konsesi restorasi ekosistem, dan memberikan insentif bagi konsesi yang berhasil merestorasi kawasan hutan produksi.
BENTUK LEMBAGA YANG IDEAL DALAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI DAERAH (STUDI DI KOTA MALANG DAN KABUPATEN GIANYAR) Qodriyatun, Sri Nurhayati
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 6, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (821.358 KB) | DOI: 10.46807/aspirasi.v6i1.465

Abstract

Waste is common problem faced by many cities in Indonesia, but not all cities have provided a good waste services. One of the factors that affect the low level waste services in a city is a form of waste management agency or institution. In general, the capacity or the ability of the waste service institutions in many cities are smaller than the amount of waste that should they manage. The research has been done in 2013, by using qualitative methods. It is concluded that the institution of waste management needs to be split between the regulator and the operator. Dinas works as regulator and BLUD as operator. The separation of role on institution of the waste management will lead the institution’s work getting more effective and efficient.
Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Sampah: Antara Permasalahan Lingkungan dan Percepatan Pembangunan Energi Terbarukan Qodriyatun, Sri Nurhayati
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 12, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46807/aspirasi.v12i1.2093

Abstract

The government is trying to encourage the use of renewable energy, one of which is from waste to energy power plant. Efforts to accelerate the development of the plant are carried out through Presidential Regulation Number 35 of 2018. However, only one plant has been operating commercially since May 6th, 2021. This study aims to describe the development, the obstacles, and whether the plant is a solution to meet electricity needs or environmental problems. Through qualitative research, we found that the plant in Surabaya has been operating commercially; the plants in Surakarta and DKI Jakarta are in the construction stage; the plants in Palembang and Tangerang are in the stage of confirming the developer, and the rest are still on auction stage, Pre- Feasibility Study, Outline Business Case, or Final Business Case. The high tipping fee, limited local government budget, overestimation of potential for waste as electricity, limited competent human resources, the high selling price of the plant electricity, and no bankable guarantee for investment are obstacles to the plant development. The thermal plant is an instant solution for cities with above 1.000 ton/day waste and limited land for landfills. In the future, there should be regulatory support through the Renewable Energy Bill to overcome the obstacles. In addition, there should be a careful calculation of the energy potential of waste, a minimum budget allocation of 2–3% for waste management and preparing capable human resources, providing adequate waste collection and transportation infrastructure, and educating the public on sorting waste. AbstrakPemerintah berupaya mendorong pemanfaatan energi terbarukan, salah satunya dengan membangun Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Sampah (PLTSa). Upaya mempercepat pembangunan PLTSa dilakukan melalui Peraturan Presiden Nomor 35 Tahun 2018. Namun, hingga 6 Mei 2021 hanya satu PLTSa telah beroperasi secara komersial. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan perkembangan pembangunan PLTSa, kendala-kendala dan permasalahan pengembangannya, dan apakah PLTSa solusi pemenuhan kebutuhan listrik atau mengatasi masalah lingkungan. Melalui penelitian kualitatif, diketahui 1 PLTSa sudah beroperasi secara komersial (di Surabaya), 2 PLTSa dalam tahap konstruksi (di Surakarta dan DKI Jakarta), 2 PLTSa dalam tahap sudah ada pengembang (di Palembang dan Tangerang), dan sisanya masih dalam tahap lelang, Pre-Feasibility Study, Outline Business Case, atau Final Business Case. Lambatnya pembangunan PLTSa terjadi karena tingginya tipping fee, anggaran pemerintah daerah terbatas, over estimasi potensi listrik dari sampah, keterbatasan sumber daya manusia yang kapabel, tingginya harga jual listrik PLTSa, tidak adanya insentif bagi pengembang, dan tidak adanya jaminan bankable untuk investasi. PLTSa termal merupakan solusi instan mengatasi permasalahan lingkungan untuk kota dengan produksi sampah di atas 1.000 ton/hari dan keterbatasan lahan untuk TPA. Untuk itu, perlu ada dukungan regulasi melalui RUU EBT mengenai harga jual listrik PLTSa yang bersaing, insentif bagi pengembang PLTSa, dan jaminan bankable untuk investasi PLTSa. Selain itu, perlu ada perhitungan secara cermat potensi energi dari sampah, alokasi APBD minimal 2–3% untuk pengelolaan sampah, dan menyiapkan sumber daya manusia yang kapabel, menyediakan sarana prasarana pengumpulan dan pengangkutan sampah yang memadai, dan mengedukasi masyarakat untuk memilah sampah.
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